गंधमादन
यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः[सम्पाद्यताम्]
Purana Encyclopedia[सम्पाद्यताम्]
 पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
Gandhamādana : m.: A monkey-chief.
He lived on the Gandhamādana mountain; came to Rāma with a thousand crores of fierce monkeys 3. 267. 5.
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*2nd word in left half of page p15_mci (+offset) in original book.
Gandhamādana : m.: Name of a mountain.
A. Location: In the north (gacchāmo girim uttaram/…gandhamādanam) 5. 62. 21-22; beyond the Mālyavant mountain (tataḥ paraṁ mālyavataḥ parvato gandhamādanaḥ) 6. 7. 8; an upper mountain range of the Himavant (parvate gandhamādane …haimavate girau) 3. 157. 1, 3; (pṛṣṭhe himavataḥ) 3. 155. 16; (himavatpṛṣṭhe) 3. 157. 8; (himavantam atikramya prayayau gandhamādanam) 1. 110. 43; Arjuna crossed the Himavant and the Gandhamādana before reaching the Indrakīla 3. 38. 29; the river Indratoyā flew by its side (indratoyām samāsādya gandhamādanasaṁnidhau) 13. 26. 11; one could see from this mountain the great river Gaṅgā (mahāgaṅgā) 3. 155. 85.
B. Description: Holy (puṇya) 1. 32. 4; its peaks auspicious (śiva) 3. 157. 23; best of the mountains (parvataśreṣtha) 1. 26. 5; 3. 156. 15; (parvatendra) 3. 155. 88; (nagendra) 3. 161. 1; (nagottama) 3. 161. 3, 5, 8; (śailottama) 3. 157. 16, 23; (girim uttamam) 3. 142. 23; king of the mountains (śailarāja) 3. 155. 87; 3. 157. 31; great mountain (mahāśaila) 3. 157. 15; its peak was many palmlengths high (bahutālocchrayaṁ śṛṅgam) 3. 157. 33; imperishable (avyaya) 1. 26. 5; its peak is marked by colourful flowers (śailottamasyāgraṁ citramālyadharaṁ) 3. 157. 23; its peaks are delightful in all seasons (sarvarturamaṇīyeṣu gandhamādanasānuṣu) 3. 146. 19, (ramaṇīyeṣu) 33; rough and dreadful (viṣamaṁ ghoraṁ) 5. 49. 21; 5. 94. 17; it had rough as well as smooth spots (uvāsa sa tadā rājā sameṣu viṣameṣu ca) 1. 110. 44; frequented by sages, Siddhas and gods, liked by the Gandharvas and the Apsarases, and frequented by the Kiṁnaras (ṛṣisiddhāmarayutaṁ gandharvāpsarasāṁ priyam/…kiṁnarācaritaṁ girim) 3. 143. 5; 3. 146. 17; 5. 62. 22; 3. 146. 23 (which also mentions Yakṣas and Brahmarṣis); 3. 142. 23; 3. 155. 34-35 (which also mentions Cāraṇas, Vidhyādharas and Kiṁnarīs); 3. 155. 83, 86; also 1. 110. 44; 3. 259. 33; where Druma, the lord of the Kiṁpuruṣas, lived 5. 155. 3; a mountain which looked like a bower all around (kuñjabhūtaṁ girim sarvam abhitaḥ) 5. 62. 22; it was like the Nandanavana (nandanavanopam{??}) 3. 155. 36; for the description of the mountain also see 3. 143. 3-4; 3. 146. 17-29; 3. 155. 3584; 3. 156. 15-19, 25-29; 3. 157. 36; 3. 161. 3-10, 13; (also see the next section
C. ).
C. Characteristics:
(1) Kubera, along with the Rākṣasas and in the company of the Apsarases, enjoys himself on the peaks of the Gandhamādana 6. 7. 32; its peak is the garden of the gods, the Dānavas, the Siddhas and of Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera) 3. 156. 27; 3. 259. 33;
(2) Sages who lived on water and air visited the mountain floating through the air (plavamānā vihāyasā) on the parvan days (parvasandhiṣu) 3. 156. 15; similarly Kiṁpuruṣas with their beloveds, the Gandharvas and the Apsarases wearing silken garments free from dust (arajāṁsi ca vāsāṁsi vasānāḥ kauśikāni ca), the Vidyādharas wearing garlands, hosts of great Uragas and the Suparṇas visit the mountain on the parvan days (parvasandhiṣu) 3. 156. 16-19; so also on the parvan days (parvasandhiṣu) one can hear there the sound of kettle-drums (bherī), cymbals (paṇava), conches (śaṅkha) and tabors (mṛdaṅga) 3. 156. 19;
(3) There was a beautiful grove of kadalī stretching over many yojanas on its peaks 3. 146. 42;
(4) On this mountain there is the Badarī āśrama of Nara and Nārāyaṇa 1. 32. 3; 3. 142. 23; 12. 321. 14; 12. 331. 22; also the āśrama of the royal sage Vṛṣaparvan is close by (3. 155. 16-17) and the āśrama of the royal sage Ārṣṭiṣeṇa (3. 155. 90);
(5) There is also the lotus pond of Kubera guarded by the Rākṣasas 3. 142. 24;
(6) It protects the Guhyakas (pāti…guhyakān gandhamādanaḥ) 8. 30. 77-78;
(7) It has many bright herbs (dīpyamānauṣadhigaṇam) 5. 62. 22;
(8) It has a rough abyss full of serpents (viṣame tasmin sasarpe girigahvare) 5. 62. 26; there are on this mountain serpents of various forms and having hundred heads (vyālaiś ca vividhākāraiḥ śataśīrṣaiḥ samantataḥ/upetam) 3. 155. 87;
(9) The region beyond the peak of the Gandhamādana is accessible to the gods, divine sages and the great Siddhas, but not to ordinary mortals (amānuṣagatiḥ) 3. 156. 20-23; Lomaśa told the Pāṇḍavas that the mountain could be reached by practising austerities (tapasā śakyate gantum) 3. 141. 22; 3. 142. 24-25; it cannot be reached by those who are wicked, greedy and whose mind is restless (na nṛśaṁsena lubdhena nāpraśāntena) 3. 142. 25;
(10) On the slopes of the mountain there are other small hills and the duration of life there is eleven thousand years (gandhamādanapādeṣu pareṣv aparagaṇḍikāḥ/ekādaśasahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṁ paramāyuṣaḥ// 6. 7. 33; Nī. on Bom. Ed. 6. 6. 35: aparagaṇḍikāḥ anye gandhamādanasyaivāvayavabhūtā budbudopamāḥ kṣudraśailāḥ).
D. Importance: Finds mention in the Daivata-Ṛṣi-Vaṁśa 13. 151. 27, 2.
E. Events related to the Gandhamādana:
(1) Epic: (i) Pāṇḍu, with his wives, reached there after crossing the Himavant; he lived there protected by the Mahābhūtas, the Siddhas and the great sages 1. 110. 43-44; (ii) Arjuna crossed the Himavant and the Gandhamādana before reaching the Indrakīla 3. 38. 29-30; (iii) Yudhiṣṭhira and others, with controlled minds (niyatātmānaḥ), started taking limited food (mitāhārāḥ) to prepare themselves to reach the Gandhamādana mountain to meet Arjuna there 3. 142. 22, 28; the Pāṇḍavas proceed towards the mountain aided by Ghaṭotkaca 3. 145. 2 (this event is alluded to by Yudhiṣṭhira in 7. 158. 29); the Pāṇḍavas and Pāñcālī reached the mountain where they experienced strong wind and heavy rain 3. 143. 2, 6, 16-17, 21; (iv) Bhīma, in his search for the saugandhika lotus flowers roamed on the peaks of the Gandhamādana; he went up and up the mountain to its top (upary upari śailāgram) 3. 146. 33, 40; then, on the slopes of the mountain, he saw a beautiful grove of kadalī extending over several yojanas 3. 146. 42; on his way he met Hanūmant and then he roamed again on the mountain in search of the saugandhika flowers which he finally found 3. 150. 16, 18, 27 (the event on the Gandhamādana is referred to in the Parvasaṁgraha where the name of the flower is mandāra 1. 2. 112; the killing of the Krodhavaśa demons on the Gandhamādana by Bhīma in his effort to get the flowers is referred to by Arjuna in 4. 66. 4, and by Saṁjaya in 5. 49. 21); (v) On their way further north to the Śveta mountain Yudhiṣṭhira saw the slopes of the Gandhamādana (gandhamādanapādāṁś ca) and the forest on it 3. 155. 14, 34, 36; (vi) Arjuna met his brothers on the Gandhamādana 3. 171. 10 (the meeting of Arjuna and the Pāṇḍavas on the Gandhamādana referred to in the Parvasaṁgraha 1. 2. 122); (vii) Janamejaya asked Vaiśaṁpāyana how many years did the Pāṇḍavas live on the Gandhamādana mountain 3. 157. 1; Vaiśaṁpāyana told him that they were there for four years and some more months; at the end of the fourth year they arrived at the āśrama of Ārṣṭiṣeṇa where they passed several months 3. 157. 9, 11; during the fifth year wind brought to them from the top of the (Gandhamādana) mountain divine, fragrant flowers of five colours (puṣpāṇi…pañcavarṇāni) 3. 157. 16-17;
(2) Past and mythological: (i) Nara and Nārāyaṇa practised severe austerities on the Gandhamādana where King Dambodbhava saw them 5. 94. 15, 17; at that time Dakṣa performed there his sacrifice 12. 330. 41-42; (ii) Nārada once descended on the Gandhamādana from the summit of the mount Meru 12. 321. 13-14; 12. 331. 22; (iii) To this mountain Aṣṭāvakra went and to its north saw the great deity which was the northern direction (tasya cottarato deśe dṛṣṭaṁ tad daivataṁ mahat) 13. 22. 15, 4; (iv) Mārkaṇḍeya saw the Gandhamādana inside the belly of the Bāla (3. 186. 83 = Nārāyaṇa 3. 187. 4) 3. 186. 102; (v) Rāvaṇa and his brothers lived on the Gandhamādana mountain where they practised severe austerities to satisfy Brahman 3. 259. 13-15; (vi) Kubera, when ousted from the Laṅkā by Rāvaṇa, fled to the Gandhamādana with the Gandharvas, the Yakṣas, the Rakṣases and the Kiṁpuruṣas 3. 259. 33; (vii) The Vānara named Gandhamādana, who came to Rāma to help him, lived on this mountain 3. 267. 5; (viii) Once, the gods and the sages waited on Pitāmaha on the Gandhamādana 6. 61. 37; (ix) Śeṣa went there to practise austerities 1. 32. 3; (x) Garuḍa, when he reached the mountain with the huge branch in his beak, he saw there his father Kaśyapa practising austerities 1. 26. 5;
(3) Other events: (i) Where Kṛṣṇa had formerly observed the vow of an ascetic who took up abode wherever he reached in the evening (yatrasāyaṁgṛha muni) for ten thousand years 3. 13. 10 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 3. 12. 11: yatra sāyaṁkālas tatraiva gṛhaṁ yasya sa yatrasāyaṁgṛha ity ekaṁ padam); (ii) Rukmin learnt the entire Dhanurveda from Druma who lived on the Gandhamādana 5. 155. 3.
F. Similes:
(1) The nārāca arrows shot by Duryodhana at Ghaṭotkaca struck him as serpents do the Gandhamādana 6. 88. 3;
(2) Bṛhatkṣatra showered arrows on Droṇa as a big cloud showers rain on the Gandhamādana 7. 101. 6;
(3) Yudhiṣṭhira's hope to defeat Bhīṣma was like a fool's wish to ascend the Gandhamādana 5. 158. 12.
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*4th word in right half of page p342_mci (+offset) in original book.
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पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
Gandhamādana : m.: A monkey-chief.
He lived on the Gandhamādana mountain; came to Rāma with a thousand crores of fierce monkeys 3. 267. 5.
_______________________________
*2nd word in left half of page p15_mci (+offset) in original book.
Gandhamādana : m.: Name of a mountain.
A. Location: In the north (gacchāmo girim uttaram/…gandhamādanam) 5. 62. 21-22; beyond the Mālyavant mountain (tataḥ paraṁ mālyavataḥ parvato gandhamādanaḥ) 6. 7. 8; an upper mountain range of the Himavant (parvate gandhamādane …haimavate girau) 3. 157. 1, 3; (pṛṣṭhe himavataḥ) 3. 155. 16; (himavatpṛṣṭhe) 3. 157. 8; (himavantam atikramya prayayau gandhamādanam) 1. 110. 43; Arjuna crossed the Himavant and the Gandhamādana before reaching the Indrakīla 3. 38. 29; the river Indratoyā flew by its side (indratoyām samāsādya gandhamādanasaṁnidhau) 13. 26. 11; one could see from this mountain the great river Gaṅgā (mahāgaṅgā) 3. 155. 85.
B. Description: Holy (puṇya) 1. 32. 4; its peaks auspicious (śiva) 3. 157. 23; best of the mountains (parvataśreṣtha) 1. 26. 5; 3. 156. 15; (parvatendra) 3. 155. 88; (nagendra) 3. 161. 1; (nagottama) 3. 161. 3, 5, 8; (śailottama) 3. 157. 16, 23; (girim uttamam) 3. 142. 23; king of the mountains (śailarāja) 3. 155. 87; 3. 157. 31; great mountain (mahāśaila) 3. 157. 15; its peak was many palmlengths high (bahutālocchrayaṁ śṛṅgam) 3. 157. 33; imperishable (avyaya) 1. 26. 5; its peak is marked by colourful flowers (śailottamasyāgraṁ citramālyadharaṁ) 3. 157. 23; its peaks are delightful in all seasons (sarvarturamaṇīyeṣu gandhamādanasānuṣu) 3. 146. 19, (ramaṇīyeṣu) 33; rough and dreadful (viṣamaṁ ghoraṁ) 5. 49. 21; 5. 94. 17; it had rough as well as smooth spots (uvāsa sa tadā rājā sameṣu viṣameṣu ca) 1. 110. 44; frequented by sages, Siddhas and gods, liked by the Gandharvas and the Apsarases, and frequented by the Kiṁnaras (ṛṣisiddhāmarayutaṁ gandharvāpsarasāṁ priyam/…kiṁnarācaritaṁ girim) 3. 143. 5; 3. 146. 17; 5. 62. 22; 3. 146. 23 (which also mentions Yakṣas and Brahmarṣis); 3. 142. 23; 3. 155. 34-35 (which also mentions Cāraṇas, Vidhyādharas and Kiṁnarīs); 3. 155. 83, 86; also 1. 110. 44; 3. 259. 33; where Druma, the lord of the Kiṁpuruṣas, lived 5. 155. 3; a mountain which looked like a bower all around (kuñjabhūtaṁ girim sarvam abhitaḥ) 5. 62. 22; it was like the Nandanavana (nandanavanopam{??}) 3. 155. 36; for the description of the mountain also see 3. 143. 3-4; 3. 146. 17-29; 3. 155. 3584; 3. 156. 15-19, 25-29; 3. 157. 36; 3. 161. 3-10, 13; (also see the next section
C. ).
C. Characteristics:
(1) Kubera, along with the Rākṣasas and in the company of the Apsarases, enjoys himself on the peaks of the Gandhamādana 6. 7. 32; its peak is the garden of the gods, the Dānavas, the Siddhas and of Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera) 3. 156. 27; 3. 259. 33;
(2) Sages who lived on water and air visited the mountain floating through the air (plavamānā vihāyasā) on the parvan days (parvasandhiṣu) 3. 156. 15; similarly Kiṁpuruṣas with their beloveds, the Gandharvas and the Apsarases wearing silken garments free from dust (arajāṁsi ca vāsāṁsi vasānāḥ kauśikāni ca), the Vidyādharas wearing garlands, hosts of great Uragas and the Suparṇas visit the mountain on the parvan days (parvasandhiṣu) 3. 156. 16-19; so also on the parvan days (parvasandhiṣu) one can hear there the sound of kettle-drums (bherī), cymbals (paṇava), conches (śaṅkha) and tabors (mṛdaṅga) 3. 156. 19;
(3) There was a beautiful grove of kadalī stretching over many yojanas on its peaks 3. 146. 42;
(4) On this mountain there is the Badarī āśrama of Nara and Nārāyaṇa 1. 32. 3; 3. 142. 23; 12. 321. 14; 12. 331. 22; also the āśrama of the royal sage Vṛṣaparvan is close by (3. 155. 16-17) and the āśrama of the royal sage Ārṣṭiṣeṇa (3. 155. 90);
(5) There is also the lotus pond of Kubera guarded by the Rākṣasas 3. 142. 24;
(6) It protects the Guhyakas (pāti…guhyakān gandhamādanaḥ) 8. 30. 77-78;
(7) It has many bright herbs (dīpyamānauṣadhigaṇam) 5. 62. 22;
(8) It has a rough abyss full of serpents (viṣame tasmin sasarpe girigahvare) 5. 62. 26; there are on this mountain serpents of various forms and having hundred heads (vyālaiś ca vividhākāraiḥ śataśīrṣaiḥ samantataḥ/upetam) 3. 155. 87;
(9) The region beyond the peak of the Gandhamādana is accessible to the gods, divine sages and the great Siddhas, but not to ordinary mortals (amānuṣagatiḥ) 3. 156. 20-23; Lomaśa told the Pāṇḍavas that the mountain could be reached by practising austerities (tapasā śakyate gantum) 3. 141. 22; 3. 142. 24-25; it cannot be reached by those who are wicked, greedy and whose mind is restless (na nṛśaṁsena lubdhena nāpraśāntena) 3. 142. 25;
(10) On the slopes of the mountain there are other small hills and the duration of life there is eleven thousand years (gandhamādanapādeṣu pareṣv aparagaṇḍikāḥ/ekādaśasahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṁ paramāyuṣaḥ// 6. 7. 33; Nī. on Bom. Ed. 6. 6. 35: aparagaṇḍikāḥ anye gandhamādanasyaivāvayavabhūtā budbudopamāḥ kṣudraśailāḥ).
D. Importance: Finds mention in the Daivata-Ṛṣi-Vaṁśa 13. 151. 27, 2.
E. Events related to the Gandhamādana:
(1) Epic: (i) Pāṇḍu, with his wives, reached there after crossing the Himavant; he lived there protected by the Mahābhūtas, the Siddhas and the great sages 1. 110. 43-44; (ii) Arjuna crossed the Himavant and the Gandhamādana before reaching the Indrakīla 3. 38. 29-30; (iii) Yudhiṣṭhira and others, with controlled minds (niyatātmānaḥ), started taking limited food (mitāhārāḥ) to prepare themselves to reach the Gandhamādana mountain to meet Arjuna there 3. 142. 22, 28; the Pāṇḍavas proceed towards the mountain aided by Ghaṭotkaca 3. 145. 2 (this event is alluded to by Yudhiṣṭhira in 7. 158. 29); the Pāṇḍavas and Pāñcālī reached the mountain where they experienced strong wind and heavy rain 3. 143. 2, 6, 16-17, 21; (iv) Bhīma, in his search for the saugandhika lotus flowers roamed on the peaks of the Gandhamādana; he went up and up the mountain to its top (upary upari śailāgram) 3. 146. 33, 40; then, on the slopes of the mountain, he saw a beautiful grove of kadalī extending over several yojanas 3. 146. 42; on his way he met Hanūmant and then he roamed again on the mountain in search of the saugandhika flowers which he finally found 3. 150. 16, 18, 27 (the event on the Gandhamādana is referred to in the Parvasaṁgraha where the name of the flower is mandāra 1. 2. 112; the killing of the Krodhavaśa demons on the Gandhamādana by Bhīma in his effort to get the flowers is referred to by Arjuna in 4. 66. 4, and by Saṁjaya in 5. 49. 21); (v) On their way further north to the Śveta mountain Yudhiṣṭhira saw the slopes of the Gandhamādana (gandhamādanapādāṁś ca) and the forest on it 3. 155. 14, 34, 36; (vi) Arjuna met his brothers on the Gandhamādana 3. 171. 10 (the meeting of Arjuna and the Pāṇḍavas on the Gandhamādana referred to in the Parvasaṁgraha 1. 2. 122); (vii) Janamejaya asked Vaiśaṁpāyana how many years did the Pāṇḍavas live on the Gandhamādana mountain 3. 157. 1; Vaiśaṁpāyana told him that they were there for four years and some more months; at the end of the fourth year they arrived at the āśrama of Ārṣṭiṣeṇa where they passed several months 3. 157. 9, 11; during the fifth year wind brought to them from the top of the (Gandhamādana) mountain divine, fragrant flowers of five colours (puṣpāṇi…pañcavarṇāni) 3. 157. 16-17;
(2) Past and mythological: (i) Nara and Nārāyaṇa practised severe austerities on the Gandhamādana where King Dambodbhava saw them 5. 94. 15, 17; at that time Dakṣa performed there his sacrifice 12. 330. 41-42; (ii) Nārada once descended on the Gandhamādana from the summit of the mount Meru 12. 321. 13-14; 12. 331. 22; (iii) To this mountain Aṣṭāvakra went and to its north saw the great deity which was the northern direction (tasya cottarato deśe dṛṣṭaṁ tad daivataṁ mahat) 13. 22. 15, 4; (iv) Mārkaṇḍeya saw the Gandhamādana inside the belly of the Bāla (3. 186. 83 = Nārāyaṇa 3. 187. 4) 3. 186. 102; (v) Rāvaṇa and his brothers lived on the Gandhamādana mountain where they practised severe austerities to satisfy Brahman 3. 259. 13-15; (vi) Kubera, when ousted from the Laṅkā by Rāvaṇa, fled to the Gandhamādana with the Gandharvas, the Yakṣas, the Rakṣases and the Kiṁpuruṣas 3. 259. 33; (vii) The Vānara named Gandhamādana, who came to Rāma to help him, lived on this mountain 3. 267. 5; (viii) Once, the gods and the sages waited on Pitāmaha on the Gandhamādana 6. 61. 37; (ix) Śeṣa went there to practise austerities 1. 32. 3; (x) Garuḍa, when he reached the mountain with the huge branch in his beak, he saw there his father Kaśyapa practising austerities 1. 26. 5;
(3) Other events: (i) Where Kṛṣṇa had formerly observed the vow of an ascetic who took up abode wherever he reached in the evening (yatrasāyaṁgṛha muni) for ten thousand years 3. 13. 10 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 3. 12. 11: yatra sāyaṁkālas tatraiva gṛhaṁ yasya sa yatrasāyaṁgṛha ity ekaṁ padam); (ii) Rukmin learnt the entire Dhanurveda from Druma who lived on the Gandhamādana 5. 155. 3.
F. Similes:
(1) The nārāca arrows shot by Duryodhana at Ghaṭotkaca struck him as serpents do the Gandhamādana 6. 88. 3;
(2) Bṛhatkṣatra showered arrows on Droṇa as a big cloud showers rain on the Gandhamādana 7. 101. 6;
(3) Yudhiṣṭhira's hope to defeat Bhīṣma was like a fool's wish to ascend the Gandhamādana 5. 158. 12.
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