राजधर्मन्

यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः

Monier-Williams

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

राजधर्मन्/ राज--धर्मन् m. N. of the -kkings of the cranes or herons (son of कश्यप) MBh.

Purana Encyclopedia

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Rājadharman  : m.: A mythical crane (baka 12. 167. 10, 15), also called Kāśyapa and Naḍījaṅgha.


A. Birth: Son of Dākṣāyaṇī (referred to as devakanyā 12. 163. 19) and Kaśyapa 12. 164. 2.


B. Residence (bhavana 12. 163. 17; nilaya 12. 163. 23; niveśana 12. 166. 10; gṛha 12. 166. 6; ālaya 12. 167. 14): Under a big nyagrodha tree, on a space covered with golden sand, in a forest near the ocean; the place was frequented by the Yakṣas and Kinnaras; the residence looked like the seat of Pitāmaha (pitāmahasadopamam) 12. 163. 6-7; 11-13.


C. Description: Of pure soul (viśuddhātman 12. 166. 10), nobleminded (mahātman 12. 165. 7; 12. 167. 15), magnanimous (mahāmanas 12. 164. 6), of great understanding (mahāmati 12. 164. 10), intelligent (dhīmant 12. 165. 27), eloquent (vāgmin 12. 164. 9).


D. Status: King of the cranes (bakarāj 12. 164. 9; bakarāja 12. 166. 2; 12. 167. 2, 5; bakapati 12. 165. 31; 12. 167. 1, 8; bakādhipa 12. 167. 5, 13, 14; bakendra 12. 167. 8); best among the birds or king of the birds (khagottama 12. 165. 26; khagendra 12. 166. 1); Brahmadeva when angered, however, called him ‘wicked-minded’ (duṣṭātman) and ‘worst among the cranes’ (bakādhama) 12. 167. 9.


E. Visits to Brahmaloka: It was Rājadharman's practice to go to Brahmaloka during the first twilight to pay homage to god Brahmadeva 12. 166. 6; on his return journey from Brahmaloka Rājadharman used to meet his friend the Rākṣaka king Virūpākṣa every day 12. 166. 6.


F. Encounter with the Brāhmaṇa Gautama: Once when Rājadharman returned from Brahmaloka in the evening he met Gautama who happened to be at his residence 12. 163. 17; Rājadharman received him as his guest with due rites and offered him a seat of śāla flowers; he also gave him big fishes from Ganges and fire (for his protection during the night); he fanned Gautama with his wings to remove his fatigue and then asked Gautama his gotra; Gautama told him only his name and that he was a Brāhmaṇa but nothing else (so 'bravīd gautamo 'smīti brāhma nānyad udāharat 12. 164. 7); Rājadharman offered his guest a bed of leaves, rich in fragrance and strewn with fragrant, heavenly flowers; when Rājadharman (Kāśyapa) asked him the reason of his arrival, Gautama told him that since he was poor he wanted to go on sea in search of wealth; Rājadharman (Kāśyapa) told Gautama that he need have no anxiety for wealth, since according to Bṛhaspati, there were four means of acquiring wealth, viz. inheritance, luck, effort, and friend (caturvidhā hy arthagatir bṛhaspatimataṁ yathā/ pāraṁparyaṁ tathā daivaṁ karma mitram iti prabho 12. 164. 12); Rājadharman, as Gautama's friend, would help him to acquire wealth; in the morning he asked Gautama to go a distance of three yojanas along a particular way where, in the city Meruvraja, lived Rājadharman's friend Virūpākṣa the chief of the Rākṣasas (rākṣasādhipati); Rājadharman was to Virūpākṣa his brother, relative and a dear friend; Rājadharman always trusted Virūpākṣa (sa (i. e. Rājadharman) hi mām āśritaḥ sadā) 12. 165. 8; hence when Gautama met Virūpākṣa he was prepared to give Gautama all that he desired 12. 163. 22-23; 12. 164. 3-16; when Gautama returned from Virūpākṣa carrying with him heavy load of gold to Rājadharman's residence under the nyagrodha tree, the latter welcomed Gautama and tried to remove his fatigue by fanning him with wings; he offered Gautama food 12. 165. 27; Gautama thought of returning home but since he had nothing to eat on way the ungrateful Gautama decided to kill Rājadharman who was a heap of flesh 12. 165. 31; Rājadharman had kept fire burning with flames for the protection of Gautama at night, and he slept by the side of Gautama fully trusting him (viśvasta); Gautama killed Rājadharman with a fire-brand; he dressed the bird by removing his wings and hair (sa taṁ vipakṣaromāṇaṁ kṛtvā 12. 166. 4) and roasted him on fire; then taking the gold and meat with him Gautama started off 12. 166. 1-4; when a couple of days passed without Rājadharman's going to meet Virūpākṣa on his way home from the Brahmaloka, Virūpākṣa was worried about Rājadharman's safety; he suspected that Gautama, devoid of virtues as he was, might have killed Rājadharman; he therefore asked his son to visit Rājadharman's residence and find out whether he was alive; Virūpākṣa's son saw near the nyagrodha tree only a skeleton of Rājadharman; he and his associates pursued Gautama, captured him, and returned to Virūpākṣa with the body of Rājadharman which was without wings, bones and feet (ºśarīraṁ ca pakṣāsthicaraṇojjhitam 12. 166. 13) 12. 166. 5-14; Virūpākṣa lamented over the loss of his friend and prepared a funeral pyre decorated with jewels, and spread over with perfumes and many pieces of cloth; after kindling the pyre of Rājadharman, Virūpākṣa performed the prescribed funeral rites; at that time divine Surabhi, daughter of Dakṣa, happened to stand above the pyre (in the sky); the foam from her mouth, mixed with milk, fell down on the burning pyre; Rājadharman came back to life and met Virūpākṣa; at that time Indra arrived on the scene and was glad that Rājadharman was alive (diṣṭyāyaṁ jīvatīty uta 12. 167. 6); Indra told them an old incident (purātanam 12. 167. 7): on a certain occasion, Rājadharman had failed to present himself in the assembly (sadas) of Brahmadeva; the enraged god cursed Rājadharman to die soon (tasmād vadhaṁ sa duṣṭātmā nacirāt samavāpsyati 12. 167. 9 [na cirāt seems to contradict purātanam]); hence Rājadharman was killed by Gautama, but was again revived by Brahman by sprinkling nectar 12. 167. 1-10; since Indra was favourably disposed to Rājadharman he was requested by Rājadharman to bring Gautama back to life; Indra revived Gautama and gave him to Rājadharman; delighted Rājadharman embraced Gautama who had with him all kinds of vessels full of gold (sabhāṇḍopaskaram 12. 167. 13); Rājadharman then took leave of Gautama and returned home 12. 167. 11-14; Rājadharman, as usual, visited the above of Brahmadeva and was received with guest worship 12. 167. 15; this narrative of Rājadharman and Gautama is called ākhyāna 12. 167. 18.

[See Nāḍījaṅgha]


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Mahabharata Cultural Index

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Rājadharman  : m.: A mythical crane (baka 12. 167. 10, 15), also called Kāśyapa and Naḍījaṅgha.


A. Birth: Son of Dākṣāyaṇī (referred to as devakanyā 12. 163. 19) and Kaśyapa 12. 164. 2.


B. Residence (bhavana 12. 163. 17; nilaya 12. 163. 23; niveśana 12. 166. 10; gṛha 12. 166. 6; ālaya 12. 167. 14): Under a big nyagrodha tree, on a space covered with golden sand, in a forest near the ocean; the place was frequented by the Yakṣas and Kinnaras; the residence looked like the seat of Pitāmaha (pitāmahasadopamam) 12. 163. 6-7; 11-13.


C. Description: Of pure soul (viśuddhātman 12. 166. 10), nobleminded (mahātman 12. 165. 7; 12. 167. 15), magnanimous (mahāmanas 12. 164. 6), of great understanding (mahāmati 12. 164. 10), intelligent (dhīmant 12. 165. 27), eloquent (vāgmin 12. 164. 9).


D. Status: King of the cranes (bakarāj 12. 164. 9; bakarāja 12. 166. 2; 12. 167. 2, 5; bakapati 12. 165. 31; 12. 167. 1, 8; bakādhipa 12. 167. 5, 13, 14; bakendra 12. 167. 8); best among the birds or king of the birds (khagottama 12. 165. 26; khagendra 12. 166. 1); Brahmadeva when angered, however, called him ‘wicked-minded’ (duṣṭātman) and ‘worst among the cranes’ (bakādhama) 12. 167. 9.


E. Visits to Brahmaloka: It was Rājadharman's practice to go to Brahmaloka during the first twilight to pay homage to god Brahmadeva 12. 166. 6; on his return journey from Brahmaloka Rājadharman used to meet his friend the Rākṣaka king Virūpākṣa every day 12. 166. 6.


F. Encounter with the Brāhmaṇa Gautama: Once when Rājadharman returned from Brahmaloka in the evening he met Gautama who happened to be at his residence 12. 163. 17; Rājadharman received him as his guest with due rites and offered him a seat of śāla flowers; he also gave him big fishes from Ganges and fire (for his protection during the night); he fanned Gautama with his wings to remove his fatigue and then asked Gautama his gotra; Gautama told him only his name and that he was a Brāhmaṇa but nothing else (so 'bravīd gautamo 'smīti brāhma nānyad udāharat 12. 164. 7); Rājadharman offered his guest a bed of leaves, rich in fragrance and strewn with fragrant, heavenly flowers; when Rājadharman (Kāśyapa) asked him the reason of his arrival, Gautama told him that since he was poor he wanted to go on sea in search of wealth; Rājadharman (Kāśyapa) told Gautama that he need have no anxiety for wealth, since according to Bṛhaspati, there were four means of acquiring wealth, viz. inheritance, luck, effort, and friend (caturvidhā hy arthagatir bṛhaspatimataṁ yathā/ pāraṁparyaṁ tathā daivaṁ karma mitram iti prabho 12. 164. 12); Rājadharman, as Gautama's friend, would help him to acquire wealth; in the morning he asked Gautama to go a distance of three yojanas along a particular way where, in the city Meruvraja, lived Rājadharman's friend Virūpākṣa the chief of the Rākṣasas (rākṣasādhipati); Rājadharman was to Virūpākṣa his brother, relative and a dear friend; Rājadharman always trusted Virūpākṣa (sa (i. e. Rājadharman) hi mām āśritaḥ sadā) 12. 165. 8; hence when Gautama met Virūpākṣa he was prepared to give Gautama all that he desired 12. 163. 22-23; 12. 164. 3-16; when Gautama returned from Virūpākṣa carrying with him heavy load of gold to Rājadharman's residence under the nyagrodha tree, the latter welcomed Gautama and tried to remove his fatigue by fanning him with wings; he offered Gautama food 12. 165. 27; Gautama thought of returning home but since he had nothing to eat on way the ungrateful Gautama decided to kill Rājadharman who was a heap of flesh 12. 165. 31; Rājadharman had kept fire burning with flames for the protection of Gautama at night, and he slept by the side of Gautama fully trusting him (viśvasta); Gautama killed Rājadharman with a fire-brand; he dressed the bird by removing his wings and hair (sa taṁ vipakṣaromāṇaṁ kṛtvā 12. 166. 4) and roasted him on fire; then taking the gold and meat with him Gautama started off 12. 166. 1-4; when a couple of days passed without Rājadharman's going to meet Virūpākṣa on his way home from the Brahmaloka, Virūpākṣa was worried about Rājadharman's safety; he suspected that Gautama, devoid of virtues as he was, might have killed Rājadharman; he therefore asked his son to visit Rājadharman's residence and find out whether he was alive; Virūpākṣa's son saw near the nyagrodha tree only a skeleton of Rājadharman; he and his associates pursued Gautama, captured him, and returned to Virūpākṣa with the body of Rājadharman which was without wings, bones and feet (ºśarīraṁ ca pakṣāsthicaraṇojjhitam 12. 166. 13) 12. 166. 5-14; Virūpākṣa lamented over the loss of his friend and prepared a funeral pyre decorated with jewels, and spread over with perfumes and many pieces of cloth; after kindling the pyre of Rājadharman, Virūpākṣa performed the prescribed funeral rites; at that time divine Surabhi, daughter of Dakṣa, happened to stand above the pyre (in the sky); the foam from her mouth, mixed with milk, fell down on the burning pyre; Rājadharman came back to life and met Virūpākṣa; at that time Indra arrived on the scene and was glad that Rājadharman was alive (diṣṭyāyaṁ jīvatīty uta 12. 167. 6); Indra told them an old incident (purātanam 12. 167. 7): on a certain occasion, Rājadharman had failed to present himself in the assembly (sadas) of Brahmadeva; the enraged god cursed Rājadharman to die soon (tasmād vadhaṁ sa duṣṭātmā nacirāt samavāpsyati 12. 167. 9 [na cirāt seems to contradict purātanam]); hence Rājadharman was killed by Gautama, but was again revived by Brahman by sprinkling nectar 12. 167. 1-10; since Indra was favourably disposed to Rājadharman he was requested by Rājadharman to bring Gautama back to life; Indra revived Gautama and gave him to Rājadharman; delighted Rājadharman embraced Gautama who had with him all kinds of vessels full of gold (sabhāṇḍopaskaram 12. 167. 13); Rājadharman then took leave of Gautama and returned home 12. 167. 11-14; Rājadharman, as usual, visited the above of Brahmadeva and was received with guest worship 12. 167. 15; this narrative of Rājadharman and Gautama is called ākhyāna 12. 167. 18.

[See Nāḍījaṅgha]


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