हास्तिनपुर
यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः
[सम्पाद्यताम्]कल्पद्रुमः
[सम्पाद्यताम्]
 पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
हास्तिनपुरम्, क्ली, (हास्तिनं पुरम् ।) हस्तिना- पुरम् । इति हेमचन्द्रः ॥ (यथा, महाभारते । ९ । ३५ । ६ । “स गत्वा हास्तिनपरं धृतराष्ट्रं समेत्य च । उक्तवान् वचनं तथ्यं हितञ्चैव विशेषतः ॥”)
शब्दसागरः
[सम्पाद्यताम्]|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
हास्तिनपुर¦ n. (-रं) HASTINA4PUR. E. हास्तिन, पुर a city.
Monier-Williams
[सम्पाद्यताम्]|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
हास्तिनपुर/ हास्तिन--पुर n. = हस्तिना-पुर(762481 -त्वn. ) MBh. R. etc.
Purana Encyclopedia
[सम्पाद्यताम्]|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
Hāstinapura : nt.: Name of a city, also referred to as Nāgapura 1. 105. 18, 21, 23; 1. 110. 37, 40; 1. 117. 9; 3. 90. 22; 3. 180. 34, 35; 4. 24. 6; 5. 145. 5, 6; 8. 1. 25; 9. 26. 22; 14. 51. 52, Gajapura 13. 153. 6; also once Dhārtarāṣṭrapura 3. 242. 17; Nāgasāhvaya 1. 2. 145; 1. 39. 20; 1. 117. 4; 1. 122. 11; 1. 154. 16; 1. 199. 11; 2. 43. 2; 3. 1. 33; 5. 6. 18; 5. 147. 9; 9. 61. 38; 9. 62. 32; 12. 4. 21; 12. 38. 43; 13. 152. 11; 14. 61. 7; 14. 69. 13; 14. 70. 10; 16. 9. 37; (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 1. 2. 231: nāgo hastī/tena samānasaṁjñaṁ hastināpuram ity arthaḥ), Gajasāhvaya 1. 68. 12; 1. 102. 22; 1. 105. 19, 27; 1. 122. 12; 2. 43. 12; 2. 71. 25; 3. 1. 8; 3. 34. 81; 5. 176. 10; 5. 179. 15; 11. 11. 1; 14. 14. 16; 14. 50. 50; 14. 51. 2; 15. 22. 3; 15. 31. 18; 15. 44. 15; 17. 1. 23, Vāraṇasāhvaya 1. 119. 3; 3. 150. 8; 3. 293. 15; 5. 173. 2; 9. 55. 19; 13. 152. 13; 14. 51. 24; 14. 65. 1; 14. 70. 2, Nāgāhvaya 7. 1. 7; 8. 1. 17, 25; 14. 64. 18; 14. 83. 1; 14. 86. 1), Gajāhvaya 1. 37. 9; 2. 71. 20; 3. 7. 17; 5. 175. 19; 12. 58. 30; 15. 21. 12; 18. 5. 29, Vāraṇāhvaya 3. 238. 13; 15. 47. 21; when referred to as Nāgasāhvaya etc., generally accompanied by the word nagara or pura.
A. Founding and explanation of the name: The city was founded by king Hastin, the son of Suhotra and Suvarṇā; that is why the city is called Hāstinapura (tasyām (i. e. suvarṇāyām) asya (i. e. suhotrasya) jajñe hastī/ya idaṁ hāstinapuraṁ māpayām āsa/etad asya hāstinapuratvam) 1. 90. 36;
B. Description: Delightful (ramya) 1. 94. 10; the best city (nagarottama) 13. 153. 5; praised as the best among towns (tato nirvacanaṁ loke sarvarāṣṭreṣv avartata//…purāṇāṁ gajasāhvayam//) 1. 102. 21-22 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 1. 109. 23: nirvacanaṁ praśaṁsā); comparable with the city of Indra (purandarapuropama) 1. 94. 38; the houses in Hāstinapura looked like white mountains (śvetaparvatarūpebhyo gṛhebhyaḥ) 11. 9. 9; the capital town of the Kurus (kurūṇām puṭabhedane) 1. 94. 10 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 1. 100. 12: puṭabhedane pattane).
C. Description of the town on specific occasions:
(1) On the arrival of Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna: full of delighted people (saṁprahṛṣṭanarākula) 14. 51. 24;
(2) When the still-born child, Parīkṣit, was brought back to life: people decorated the town with heaps of garlands; citizens beautified their houses with small and big flags; the highways were decorated with flowers; the city looked bright and produced sound similar to the tide of the ocean; owing to the sound of dancing and singing of dancers the town appeared like the residence of Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera); the city's empty places were filled with bards in thousands, accompanied by women; flags moving in the blowing wind as if pointed out to the Kurus the northern and the southern direction; the high-placed king's officer then announced to the people enjoyment, all through the night, in which ornaments of jewels were to be displayed (alaṁcakruś ca mālyaughaiḥ puruṣā nāgasāhvayam//patākābhir vicitrābhir dhvajaiś ca vividhair api/veśmāni samalaṁcakruḥ paurāś cāpi janādhipa// rājamārgāś ca tatrāsan sumanobhir alaṁkṛtāḥ/śuśubhe tat puraṁ cāpi samudraughanibhasvanam//nartakaiś cāpi nṛtyadbhir gāyakānāṁ ca nisvanaiḥ/āsīd vaiśravaṇasyeva nivāsas tat puraṁ tadā// bandibhiś ca narai rājan strī sahāyaiḥ sahasraśaḥ/tatra tatra vivikteṣu samantād upaśobhitam//patākā dhūyamānāś ca śvasatā mātariśvanā/adarśayann iva tadā kurūn vai dakṣiṇottarān//aghoṣayat tadā cāpi puruṣo rājadhūrgataḥ/sarvarātrivihāro 'dya ratnābharaṇalakṣaṇaḥ//) 14. 69. 13-20;
(3) After the departure of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Gāndhārī, Kuntī and Vidura, the whole town with its old men, women and children became cheerless, the town was as if without any sound as at the end of a festival (tad ahṛṣṭam ivākūjaṁ gatotsavam ivābhavat/nagaraṁ hāstinapuraṁ sastrīvṛddhakumārakaṁ//) 15. 24. 14.
D. Epic events: The name of the city occurs in connection with many important events; on various occasions, however, Hāstinapura is referred to simply by words such as nagara or pura (in the following listing references of this type where the city is not directly named are likely to be incomplete) (1) Janamejaya, son of Parikṣit, after the completion of his satra at Kurukṣetra, returned to Hāstinapura and searched for a suitable Purohita who could pacify the evil act done by him (sa tasmin satre samāpte hāstinapuraṁ pratyetya purohitam anurūpam anvicchamānaḥ paraṁ yatnam akarod yo me pāpakṛtyāṁ śamayed iti) 1. 3. 10 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 1. 3. 11: pāpakṛtyāṁ śāparūpāṁ balāyuḥprāṇanikṛntanīṁ devatām);
(2) Uttaṅka, wanting to take revenge on Takṣaka for his misdeed, started for Hāstinapura; (uttaṅkaḥ…hāstinapuraṁ pratasthe/sa hāstinapuraṁ prāpya) 1. 3. 177178;
(3) Parikṣit, after placing the body of a dead snake on the shoulder of Śṛṅgin's father returned to his town Gajāhvaya (svanagaraṁ pratiyāto gajāhvayam) 1. 37. 9;
(4) When Kāśyapa ceased from proceeding to Hāstinapura, Takṣaka himself went speedily to the town Nāgasāhvaya (nivṛtte kāśyape…/jagāma takṣakas tūrṇaṁ nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam//) 1. 39. 20;
(5) Śaṁtanu ruled the earth from Hāstinapura, the capital town of the Kurus (sa hāstinapure ramye kurūṇāṁ puṭabhedane/ vasan…anvaśād vai vasuṁdharām) 1. 94. 10;
(6) Śaṁtanu, unwilling to agree to the condition laid down by the Dāśa, returned to Hāstinapura (pratyayād dhāstinapuram) 1. 94. 53;
(7) Bhīṣma took Satyavatī on a chariot to Hāstinapura and reported to Śaṁtanu (āgamya hāstinapuram śaṁtanoḥ saṁnyavedayat) 1. 94. 92;
(8) Bhīṣma having won the Kāśi princesses, brought them to Hāstinapura (prayayau hāstinapuram) 1. 96. 41;
(9) Kings who formerly collected wealth from Kuru kings (wealth described in 1. 105. 16-18) were made to pay it back as tribute by Pāṇḍu, king of Nāgapura and the lion of Nāgapura (tat sarvaṁ pratijagrāha rājā nāgapurādhipaḥ) 1. 105. 18; (te nāgapurasiṁhena pāṇḍunā karadāḥ kṛtāḥ) 1. 105. 21; he then returned to Gajasāhvaya (yayau pāṇḍuḥ… puraṁ ca gajasāhvayam) 1. 105. 19; Bhīṣma and others who lived in Nāgapura (nāgapurālayāḥ) went out (of the town) a little distance to receive Pāṇḍu 1. 105. 23; Bhīṣma, delighted, entered the town Gajasāhvaya with Pāṇḍu (viveśa gajasāhvayam) 1. 105. 27;
(10) Pāṇḍu sent messengers to Nāgapura to inform Bhīṣma and others that he had resolved to repair to the forest to lead the life of an ascetic; accordingly, the messengers quickly went to Nāgapura (gatvā nāgapuraṁ vācyaṁ pāṇḍuḥ pravrajito vanam//…yayur nāgapuraṁ tūrṇam) 1. 110. 37, 40;
(11) After the death of Pāṇḍu, Kuntī and the Pāṇḍavas were brought by the ascetics to Hāstinapura and reported to Bhīṣma and Vidura (hāstinapuram ānīya…bhīṣmasya vidurasya ca niveditāḥ) 1. 90. 77; (nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam//…gamane cakrire manaḥ) 1. 117. 4-5; when the citizens of Hāstinapura heard about the arrival of the ascetics they were astonished; the people of Nāgapura went out to receive them (śrutvā nāgapure nṝṇāṁ vismayaḥ samajāyata//…niryayuḥ puravāsinaḥ) 1. 117. 9-10;
(12) When Pāṇḍu's śrāddha ceremony was performed on the Ganges by Bhīṣma and others, the citizens took the Pāṇḍavas, who had performed purification, and entered the town Vāraṇasāhvaya (kṛtaśaucān…pāṇḍavān…/ ādāya viviśuḥ paurāḥ puraṁ vāraṇasāhvayam//) 1. 119. 3;
(13) Droṇa, insulted by Drupada, decided to do something to the Pāñcālas and went to Hāstinapura, the city of the Kuru chiefs (jagāma kurumukhyānāṁ nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam//) 1. 122. 11 = 1. 154. 16; the Kuru princes had come out of Gajasāhvaya and were playing with a wooden piece (tip cat) (niṣkramya… gajasāhvayāt/krīḍanto vīṭayā) 1. 122. 12 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 1. 131. 17: vīṭayā yavākāreṇa prādeśamātrakāṣṭhena/yat hastamātradaṇḍena upary upari kumārāḥ prakṣipanti/lohagulikayety anye);
(14) Adhiratha sent Karṇa to Vāraṇasāhvaya (to learn the science of missiles from Droṇa (prasthāpayām āsa puraṁ vāraṇasāhvayam) 3. 293. 15;
(15) After the battle that ensued at the time of the svayaṁvara of the Kaliṅga princess, Duryodhana, protected by Karṇa, went from Rājapura to Nāgasāhvaya taking with him the princess (nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam) 12. 4. 21;
(16) Dhṛtarāṣṭra told the Pāṇḍavas that after enjoying themselves at Vāraṇāvata for some time, they would return to Hāstinapura (hāsthinapuraṁ sukhinaḥ punar eṣyatha) 1. 131. 10;
(17) When Duryodhana and others realized that the Pāṇḍavas were really not dead, they blamed Virocana and entered Hāstinapura (viviśur hāstinapuram) 1. 192. 13;
(18) Vidura told Drupada that the Pāṇḍavas and Kuntī would be anxious to return to the town (Hāstinapura); that all the Kuru ladies, the city and the country, anxious to see them, were awaiting their arrival (ime cāpi nararṣabḥāḥ/utsukā nagaraṁ draṣṭuṁ bhaviṣyanti pṛthā tathā//…kuruvarastriyaḥ/draṣṭukāmāḥ pratīkṣante puraṁ ca viṣayaṁ ca naḥ//) 1. 198. 22-23; the Pāṇḍavas, together with Draupadī and Kuntī, went happily to the town Nāgasāhvaya (nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam) 1. 199. 11; they slowly entered the town Hāstinapura (nagaraṁ hāstinapuram) 1. 199. 14; when the Pāṇḍavas arrived, the town as though burst with curiosity (kautūhalena nagaraṁ dīryamāṇaṁ ivābhavat) 1. 199. 15; at the bidding of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the Pāṇḍavas, with the whole town (following them), entered their houses (sarveṇa nagareṇa te/samāviśanta veśmāni) 1. 199. 22; this event is included in Vaiśaṁpāyana's summary of the epic (te tatra draupadīṁ labdhvā…hāstinapuraṁ pratyājagmur ariṁdamāḥ//) 1. 55. 22;
(19) Yudhiṣṭhira sent Nakula to Hāstinapura to invite Bhīṣma and others for the Rājasūya; accordingly Nakula went to Hāstinapura and invited Bhīṣma and Dhṛtarāṣṭra (preṣayām āsa pāṇḍavam/nakulaṁ hāstinapuram…//; sa gatvā hāsiinapuraṁ nakulaḥ) 2. 30. 53; 2. 31. 1;
(20) Duryodhana saw in the Sabhā of the Pāṇḍavas heavenly (architectural) designs which he had never seen in the town Nāgasāhvaya (tasyāṁ divyān abhiprāyān dadarśa kurunandanaḥ/ na dṛṣṭapūrvā ye tena nagare nāgasāhvaye) 2. 43. 2 (Nī, however, on Bom. Ed. 2. 47. 2: abhiprāyān devādīnāṁ krīḍātatsthānād. yabhinayapradarśakacitrādigatān āśayaviśeṣān);
(21) Duryodhana returned to Gajasāhvaya sad after seeing the prosperity of the Pāṇḍavas at Rājasūya (jagāma gajasāhvayam) 2. 43. 12;
(22) On reaching Hāstinapura, Yudhiṣṭhira went straight to the residence of Dhṛtarāṣṭra 2. 52. 22;
(23) While going to the forest Draupadī said that fourteen years later the Kuru women, with their hair loose, will enter Gajāhvaya after offering water libations to their dead husbands (muktakeśyo…evaṁ kṛtodakā nāryaḥ pravekṣyanti gajāhvayam) 2. 71. 20;
(24) While the Pāṇḍavas were going out of Gajasāhvaya, bad omens like lightning flashes in the absence of clouds, shaking of the earth occurred (niryatsu gajasāhvayāt) 2. 71. 25;
(25) The Pāṇḍavas came out of Gajasāhvaya to go to the forest through a gate at Vardhamānapura (niryayur gajasāhvayāt//vardhamānapuradvāreṇābhiniṣkramya) 3. 1. 8-9;
(26) Yudhiṣṭhira, while requesting the citizens to return, told them that Bhīṣma, the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), Vidura, Kuntī, and friends would still be in the town Nāgasāhvaya (nagare nāgasāhvaye) 3. 1. 33;
(27) Enraged, Dhṛtarāṣṭra told Vidura that he would no more want him (for consultations) to protect the earth or the city (Hāstinapura) (mahīm imāṁ pālayituṁ puraṁ vā) 3. 6. 17;
(28) When requested by Dhṛtarāṣṭra to come back, Vidura returned to Gajāhvaya (punar āyād gajāhvayam) 3. 7. 17;
(29) Kṛṣṇa told Yudhiṣṭhira that since he was involved in battle with Śālva he could not go to Hāstinapura even though he had heard about the dice game (yenāhaṁ nāgamaṁ tadā/ śrutvaiva hāstinapuram dyūtam) 3. 15. 22 (here Kṛṣṇa says that he had heard about the game; but earlier he said that he knew nothing about it 3. 14. 2, 14-16);
(30) Bhīma urged Yudhiṣṭhira to attack Gajasāhvya with his brothers (tvaramāṇo 'bhiniryātu…adyaiva gajasāhvayam) 3. 34. 8081;
(31) Kṛṣṇa assured Yudhiṣṭhira that he could get him his kingdom back (3. 48. 23) so that he could rule the earth from Hāstinapura (tatas tvaṁ hāstinapure…vasan /…praśādhi pṛthivīm imām//) 3. 48. 26;
(32) The citizens (paurāḥ) who followed Yudhiṣṭhira to the forest returned to Nāgapura when he decided to go on a pilgrimage with Lomaśa (jagmur nāgapuraṁ prati) 3. 90. 22;
(33) Hanūmant asked Bhīma if he should go to Vāraṇasāhvaya and kill the Kauravas (gatvā vāraṇasāhvayam) 3. 150. 8;
(34) Kṛṣṇa told Yudhiṣṭhira that after the fulfilment of the contract (samaya), let Nāgapura await his arrival, for he was sure to get back Nāgapura and the whole kingdom (pratīkṣatāṁ nāgapuraṁ bhavantaṁ//…prapatsyase nāgapuraṁ sarāṣṭram//) 3. 180. 34-35;
(35) When released by the Pāṇḍavas from the captivity of the Gandharvas, Duryodhana left for the town (Hāstinapura) (jagāma nagaraṁ prati) 3. 235. 23; (svapuraṁ prayayau rājā) 3. 236. 6; Janamejaya felt that Duryodhana, proud as he was, must have found it difficult to enter Hāstinapura (nityāhaṁkāravādinaḥ/ praveśo hāstinapure duṣkaraḥ pratibhāti me//) 3. 236. 3;
(36) Duryodhana, humiliated by his adverseries, decided to fast unto death (iha prāyam upāsiṣye) and not return to the town; he asked his brothers, led by Duḥśāsana, to return to the town (prayāntv adya puraṁ prati) 3. 238. 10-11; (na hy ahaṁ pratiyāsyāmi puraṁ śatrunirākṛtaḥ) 3. 238. 12; he wondered what he could tell Dhṛtarāṣṭra after reaching Vāraṇāhvaya (vāraṇāhvayam āsādya kiṁ vakṣyāmi janādhipam) 3. 238. 13;
(37) When asked by Janamejaya, Vaiśaṁpāyana told him what happened after Duryodhana's return to Hāstinapura (āgate hāstinapuram) 3. 241. 1, 3;
(38) Kings of different countries and Brāhmaṇas arrived at Dhārtarāṣṭrapura to attend Duryodhan's Vaiṣṇava sacrifice (ājagmuḥ…dhārtarāṣṭrapuraṁ prati) 3. 242. 17; after the completion of the Vaiṣṇava sacrifice (3. 241. 32), Duryodhana entered Hāstinapura 3. 242. 24; joyful, he entered the town (praviveśa puraṁ hṛṣṭaḥ) 3. 243. 6;
(39) The spies of the Kauravas, sent out in search of the Pāṇḍavas, returned to Nāgapura (nyavartanta te ca nāgapuraṁ prati) 4. 24. 6;
(40) While taking away the cattle of Virāṭa, Duryodhana, if challenged, was prepared to fight even with Indra and Yama, but not return to Hāstinapura without fighting out with them (ko hāstinapuraṁ vrajet) 4. 42. 18;
(41) Aśvatthāman blamed Karṇa for boasting even before the cattle had reached Hāstinapura (gāvo…na hāstinapuraṁ prāptāḥ) 4. 45. 1;
(42) Devaputra (Arjuna) told Duryodhana that he would not find refuge even in Hāstinapura (na hāstinapure trāṇaṁ tava paśyāmi kiṁcana) 4. 64. 24;
(43) The Purohita of Drupada went on behalf of the Pāṇḍavas (5. 5. 7, 18) to Nāgasāhvaya town (nagaraṁ nāgasāsāhvayam) 5. 6. 18;
(44) There was not enough space in Hāstinapura even for the principal kings and their chief warriors who came to help Duryodhana (na hāstinapure rājann avakāśo 'bhavat tadā) 5. 19. 28;
(45) After his meeting with the Pāṇḍavas, Saṁjaya returned to Hāstinapura and quickly reported his arrival to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (saṁprāpya hāstinapuram) 5. 32. 2;
(46) When Kṛṣṇa started for Hāstinapura, strong, noisy, south-westernly wind swept the town (prāmathnād dhāstinapuraṁ vāto dakṣiṇapaścimaḥ) 5. 82. 10; Dhṛtarāṣṭra had ordered that the maidens who would go out of the town to see Kṛṣṇa would go without wearing the upper garment (nagarād api yāḥ kāścid gamiṣyanti janārdanam/draṣṭuṁ kanyāḥ…tāś ca yāsyanty anāvṛtāḥ); the whole town with all its women, men and children (sastrīpuruṣabālaṁ hi nagaram) was looking forward to see Kṛṣṇa; flags, big and small (mahādhvajapatākāś ca), were to be put up in all directions and Kṛṣṇa's path was to be sprinkled with water and freed from dust 5. 84. 16-18; Kṛṣṇa's visit to the town Nāgasāhvaya to seek peace is referred to in the list of the contents of the Udyogaparvan as given in the Parvasaṁgrahaparvan (yatra kṛṣṇo…saṁdhim icchan…svayam āgāc chamaṁ kartuṁ nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam) 1. 2. 145, and also in Vaiśaṁpāyana's account of Rāma's going on pilgrimage (sa gatvā hāstinapuram) 5. 34. 5-6;
(47) Returning from Hāstinapura to Upaplavya, Kṛṣṇa reported to the Pāṇḍavas all that had happened in his meeting with the Kauravas (āgamya hāstinapurād upaplavyam ariṁdamaḥ) 5. 145. 1; Yudhiṣṭhira asked Kṛṣṇa to tell him (Yudhiṣṭhira) what he told to Dnryodhana when he went to Nāgapura (tvayā nāgapuraṁ gatvā); Kṛṣṇa told him that having reached Nāgapura (mayā nāgapuraṁ gatvā) he told Duryodhana in the Sabhā what was true, wholesome and beneficial for him (tathyaṁ pathyaṁ hitaṁ) but he would not listen 5. 145. 5-6 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 5. 147. 6: pathyaṁ nyāyopetaṁ hitam ubhayatra jayāvaham);
(48) Dhṛtarāṣṭra, while telling to Duryodhana, the past history of the Kurus, told him that Yadu, the son of Yayāti and Devayānī, lived in Nāgasāhvaya and humbled all the kings (avasan nāgasāhvaye) 5. 147. 9; (48a) The camp of the Kaurava army near Kurukṣetra looked like another Hāstinapura (yathaiva hāstinapuraṁ tadvat śibiram ābabhau) 5. 153. 35; (yathaiva hāstinapuraṁ dvitīyam) 5. 196. 12; the marching out of the armies from the town Hāstinapura is mentioned in the list of the contents of the Udyogaparvan in the Parvasaṁgrahaparvan (nagarād dhāstinapurāt) 1. 2. 149;
(49) Bhīṣma, after defeating the kings assembled for the svayaṁvara of the Kāśi princesses, returned to Hāstinapura with them 5. 170. 21; (gajāhvayam) 5. 175. 19; when rejected by Śālva, Ambā could not think of returning to Vāraṇasāhvaya (na ca śakyaṁ punar gantuṁ mayā vāraṇasāhvayam) 5. 173. 2; Akṛtavraṇa, father of Ambā's mother, told her that if Bhīṣma had not carried her away to Gajasāhvaya (na nayed gajasāhvayam), Śālva, afraid of Rāma, would have accepted her 5. 176. 10; after Rāma and Bhīṣma decided to fight with each other, Bhīṣma returned to the town (Hāstinapura) (praviśya nagaram) to report to Satyavatī 5. 179. 15; then Bhīṣma, with the blessings for victory pronounced on him by her, came out of Gajasāhvaya and went to the battlefield at Kurukṣetra (niṣkramya gajasāhvayāt) 5. 179. 15;
(50) After the fall of Bhīṣma, Saṁjaya returned from the battlefield to the town Nāgāhvaya to report the event to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (śibirāt saṁjayaṁ prāptaṁ niśi nāgāhvayaṁ puram) 7. 1. 7;
(51) After the fall of Karṇa, Saṁjaya went to the town Nāgāhvaya/Nāgapura/ Hāstinapura and then to the residence of Dhṛtarāṣṭra to report to him what had happened on the battlefield (gatvā nāgāhvayaṁ puraṁ) 8. 1. 17; (yayau nāgapuram) 8. 1. 25; (sa hāstinapuraṁ gatvā…jagāma dhṛtarāṣṭrasya kṣayam) 8. 1. 26;
(52) Arjuna told Kṛṣṇa that at the fall of Duryodhana, all women in Nāgapura would cry loudly hearing the death of their loved ones (sarvā nāgapurastriyaḥ) 9. 26. 22;
(53) Saṁjaya, saved from the hands of Sātyaki, left for the town (Hāstinapura) in the evening (prātiṣṭhaṁ…nagaraṁ sāyāhne) 9. 28. 39; he told Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the old guards who took care of the women of the royal family took the women under their charge and had left for the town (tato vṛddhā mahārāja yoṣitāṁ rakṣiṇo narāḥ/rājadārān upādāya prayayur nagaraṁ prati//) 9. 28. 63; the ministers of Duryodhana took to the town women of the royal family (tato duryodhanāmātyāḥ …/rājadārān upādāya prayayur nagaraṁ prati) 9. 28. 68; the gate-keepers and guards of women (dvārādhyakṣā…dārarakṣiṇaḥ) took shining beds, costly bedcovers with them and left for the town (śayanīyāni śubhrāṇi spardhyāstaraṇavanti ca/samādāya yayus tūrṇaṁ nagaraṁ dārarakṣiṇaḥ//) 9. 28. 69; other men also took their wives to the town (apare janāḥ/ svān svān dārān upādāya prayayur nagaraṁ prati) 9. 28. 70; women who were not seen in their houses even by the sun were seen by people going to the town (yāntīḥ puraṁ prati); (prayayur nagaraṁ tūrṇam) 9. 28. 71-72;
(54) Other men, including cowherds and shepherds, afraid of Bhīma, fled to the town (ā gopālāvipālebhyo dravanto nagaraṁ prati/yayur manuṣyāḥ); they looked at each other in fright and ran to the town (prekṣamāṇās tadānyonyaṁ ādhāvan nagaraṁ prati) 9. 28. 73-74;
(55) Yuyutsu saw that Duryodhana's ministers had rushed to the town taking with them women of the royal family; so, with the permission of Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīmasena, he too, who had not accompanied the women of the royal family to the town, sped his horses and entered Hāstinapura along with the women in the evening (duryodhanasya sacivāḥ…rājadārān upādāya vyadhāvan nagaraṁ prati//…tataḥ sa ratham āsthāya drutam aśvān acodayat/ asaṁbhāvitavāṁś cāpi rājadārān puraṁ prati//taiś caiva sahitaḥ kṣipram astaṁ gacchati bhāskare/praviṣṭo hāstinapuram) 9. 28. 78, 81-82; Vidura asked Yuyutsu why he had come back to the town, when the king (i. e. Duryodhana) had not been able to enter it (vinā rājñaḥ praveśād vai kim asi tvam ihāgataḥ) 9. 28. 85; Yuyutsu then told Vidura that when Duryodhana went away from the place of the camp, all people, afraid, ran to the town (Hāstinapura); then the superitendents of the women put women of the royal family in chariots and ran (to the town) due to fear; then he too, took leave of the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) and Keśava, and entered Hāstinapura to save himself from public criticism (apakrānte tu nṛpatau skandhāvāraniveśanāt/…sarvaṁ prādravan nagaraṁ prati//…stryadhyakṣāḥ prādravan bhayāt//…tato 'haṁ samanujñāpya rājānaṁ sahakeśavam/…praviṣṭo hāstinapuraṁ rakṣaĩ lokād dhi vācyatām//) 9. 28. 87-89;
(56) Bhīma assured Yudhiṣṭhira that he would break Duryodhana's body to pieces with his mace so that he would never again enter the town Vāraṇasāhvaya (nagaraṁ…vāraṇasāhvayam) 9. 55. 19;
(57) The Pāṇḍavas sent Kṛṣṇa to Nāgasāhvaya to pacify Gāndhārī who had lost all her sons in the battle; accordingly Kṛṣṇa went to that town (saṁpreṣayām āsur yādavaṁ nāgasāhvayam/…sa prāyāt…tat puram) 9. 61. 38, 40; (jagāma hāstinapuram) 9. 62. 31; he having reached Nāgasāhvaya entered the town resounding it with the sound of his chariot (nāgasāhvayam āsādya praviveśa ca vīryavān/ praviśya nagaraṁ vīraḥ…) 9. 62. 32-33; having comforted Gāndhārī, Kṛṣṇa left Hāstinapura to meet the Pāṇḍavas (jagāma ha/śibiraṁ hāstinapurād…) 9. 62. 72;
(58) The whole town including children was afflcted with grief (ākumāraṁ puraṁ sarvam) 11. 9. 8; Dhṛtarāṣṭra, with Gāndhārī, Kuntī and other grieving Kaurava women, came out of the town (Hāstinapura) to go to the battlefield (tato 'sau niryayau purāt); (niryayau nagarād dīnaḥ) 11. 9. 7, 17; the artisans, merchants, Vaiśyas, and all sorts of working people followed Dhṛtarāṣṭra in going out of the town (niryayur nagarād bahiḥ) 11. 9. 18;
(59) After meeting Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Gāndhārī and others on the battlefield, Kṛpa went to Hāstinapura 11. 10. 21;
(60) Yudhiṣṭhira heard of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's going from Gajasāhvaya to the battlefield (niryātaṁ gajasāhvayāt) 11. 11. 1;
(61) Yudhiṣṭhira entered his own town (Hāstinapura) (svapuraṁ praviveśa ha) 12. 38. 30; praised with good songs by bards, charioteers and panegyrists he entered the town Nāgasāhvaya (tato vaitālikaiḥ sūtair māgadhaiś ca subhāṣitaiḥ/stūyamāno yayau rājā nagaram nāgasāhvayam) 12. 38. 43; the description of the town when Yadhiṣṭhira entered it is given in 12. 38. 45-49 (naraiḥ nagaravāsibhiḥ/nagaraṁ rājamārgaś ca yathāvat samalaṁkṛtam; kumbhāś ca nagaradvāri…; tathā svalaṁkṛtadvāraṁ nagaraṁ pāṇḍunandanaḥ/…praviveśa); also 12. 39. 1-3;
(62) Kṛṣṇa, Kṛpa, Yudhiṣṭhira and others, took leave of Bhīṣma and, after bathing in Dṛṣadvatī and performing evening rites, entered the town Gajāhvaya (tataḥ puraṁ te viviśur gajāhvayam) 12. 58. 30;
(63) A certain Brāhmaṇa, Śamyāka by name (12. 170. 2-3), had formerly told Bhīṣma in Hāstinapura the virtues of renunciation (tyāga) (hāstinapure brāhmaṇenopavarṇitam śamyākena) 12. 170. 23;
(64) At the end of the discourse of Bhīṣma to Yudhiṣṭhira, Vyāsa asked him to permit Yudhiṣṭhira to return to the town (Hāstinapura) (purayānāya tvam anujñātum arhasi); accordingly, Bhīṣma permitted Yudhiṣṭhira to enter the town (praviśasva puraṁ rājan) 13. 152. 3, 5; Yudhiṣṭhira, then, along with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Gāndhārī and others, started for the town Nāgasāhvaya and entered the town Vāraṇasāhvaya (prayayau saparīvāro nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam) 13. 152. 11; (praviveśa…puraṁ vāraṇasāhvayam) 13. 152. 13;
(65) After living in the excellent town for fifty nights (uṣitvā śarvarīḥ śrīmān pañcāśan nagarottame), and remembering that he had promised to Bhīṣma to return to him at the commencement of Uttarāyaṇa (13. 152. 10-11), Yudhiṣṭhira came out of Gajapura) to go to Bhīṣma (sa niryayau gajapurāt) 13. 153. 5-6; (niścakrāma purāt tasmāt) 13. 153. 12;
(66) After performing the funeral rites of Bhīṣma, Karṇa and others, Yudhiṣṭhira, along with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, entered Gajasāhvaya (viveśa gajasāhvayam) 14. 14. 16;
(67) Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna decided to start from the Sabhā in Indraprastha (14. 15. 4-5; 14. 16. 1-4) to the town Gajasāhvaya to ask Yudhiṣṭhira to permit Kṛṣṇa to leave for Dvārakā (gacchāvo nagaraṁ…gajasāhvayam adya vai) 14. 50. 50-51; (Kṛṣṇa then asked his charioteer to get his chariot ready, and) Arjuna asked his attendants to get ready to go to the town Gajasāhvaya (prayāsyāmo nagaraṁ gajasāhvayam) 14. 51. 2; Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna reached Vāraṇasāhvaya and entered it (prāptau vāraṇasāhvayam/tathā viviśatuś cobhāu) 14. 51. 24; Vidura and others bade farewell to Kṛṣṇa and he came out of Nāgapura in a divine chariot drawn by four horses (viniryayau nāgapurāt) 14. 51. 52;
(68) The Pāṇḍavas, living in the town Nāgasāhvaya, did not have peace of mind due to the death of Abhimanyu (nagare nāgasāhvaye) 14. 61. 7;
(69) After worshipping Mahādeva and after collecting the hidden wealth, Yudhiṣṭhira returned to the town Nāgāhvaya (yayau puraṁ nāgāhvayaṁ prati) 14. 64. 18; his large army, feeling pain due to the burden of wealth, also started for the town (sā purābhimukhī rājan jagāma mahatī camūḥ/kṛcchrād draviṇabhārārtā) 14. 64. 20;
(70) Kṛṣṇa along with the Vṛṣṇis, came to the town Vāraṇasāhvaya for the horse sacrifice of Yudhiṣṭhira (puraṁ vāraṇasāhvayam) 14. 65. 1; for the reception of the Vṛṣṇi heroes, (king's) officers decorated Nāgasāhvaya with heaps of garlands and with various variegated, small and big flags; the citizens decorated also their houses (alaṁcakruś ca…puruṣā nāgasāhvayam/ veśmāni samalaṁcakruḥ paurāś cāpi) 14. 69. 13-14; the highways were decorated with flowers and the town, filled with the noise similar to that of the flood of the ocean, shone (śuśubhe tat puraṁ cāpi samudraughanibhasvanam) 14. 69. 16; dancing and singing, filled the town; the city was adorned by bards in thousands together with their women; flags, moved by wind, as if showed the southern and northern directions to the Kurus; a highly placed king's officer announced merry-making all through the night, displaying ornaments of jewels (patākā dhūyamānāś ca śvasatā mātariśvanā/adarśayann iva tadā kurūn vai dakṣiṇottarān//aghoṣayat tadā cāpi puruṣaḥ rājadhūrgataḥ/sarvarātrivihāro 'dya ratnābharaṇalakṣaṇaḥ) 14. 69. 17-20; the Pāṇḍavas who received the Vṛṣṇis, entered with them the town Vāraṇasāhvaya (puraṁ vāraṇasāhvayam) 14. 70. 2; the Pāṇḍavas, with their friends and ministers, entered their own town placing the treasure in front of them (te kośam agrataḥ kṛtvā viviśuḥ svapuraṁ tadā) 14. 70. 4;
(71) Some days later, Vyāsa also arrived at the town Nāgasāhvaya (nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam) 14. 70. 10;
(72) When Arjuna was to leave the town to accompany the horse of the Aśvamedha, the whole town including children gathered to see him (ākumāraṁ tadā rājann āgamad tat puraṁ vibho) 14. 72. 9; Aśvamedha horse, after wandering over the earth as far as the ocean, turned back and faced the direction of the town Nāgāhvaya (sa tu vājī samudrāntāṁ paryetya pṛthivīm imām//nivṛtto 'bhimukho rājan yena nāgāhvayaṁ puram) 14. 83. 1;
(73) The horse, after Arjuna's battle with Śakuni's son in the Gāndhāra country, returned to the direction of the town Nāgāhvaya (nyavartata tato vājī yena nāgāhvayaṁ puram) 14. 86. 1;
(7) Dhṛtarāṣṭra, before leaving for forest life, advised Yudhiṣṭhira to look after the safety of the town (Hāstinapura); he asked him to see that it was well protected by strong ramparts and arched doorways; it should have on all sides high watchtowers, close to each other with enough space for six persons to walk; it should have sufficient entrances, large in size; they should be well distributed and protected by mechanical devices (puraṁ ca te suguptaṁ syād dṛḍhaprākāratoraṇam/ aṭṭāṭṭālakasaṁbādhaṁ ṣaṭpathaṁ sarvatodiśam//tasya dvārāṇi kāryāṇi paryāptāni bṛhanti ca/sarvataḥ suvibhaktāni yantrair ārakṣitāni ca//) 15. 9. 16-17) (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 15. 5. 16: aṭṭāḥ durgoparibhāge sañcārasthānāni, ṣaṭpadaṁ (this is Nī.'s reading) ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ padanīyaiḥ sthānair yuktaṁ tena saptaprākāram iti gamyate/tatra saptamasyāntaḥpuratvāt ṣaḍ evānyeṣāṁ padanīyāni sthānāni);
(75) At the time of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's departure, the citizens of Gajāhvaya were very much grieved (duḥkhitaḥ pauravargo gajāhvaye 'tīva babhūva) 15. 21. 12; he went out of Gajasāhvaya through the gate called Vardhamāna (sa vardhamānadvāreṇa niryayau gajasāhvayāt) 15. 22. 3;
(76) Yudhiṣṭhira requested Kuntī not to follow Dhṛtarāṣṭra to the forest but to return to the town and be with her daughters-in-law (vadhūparivṛtā rājñi nagaraṁ gantum arhasi) 15. 22. 8;
(77) After the departure of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the Pāṇḍavas, along with women, returned to the town (pāṇḍavāḥ…strīsahitāḥ sarve puraṁ praviviśus tadā); the whole town Hāstinapura, with its women, old men and children, then became cheerless, noiseless, as after a festival (nagaraṁ hāstinpuraṁ tad ahṛṣṭam ivākūjaṁ gatotsavam ivābhavat sastrīvṛddhakumārakam/) 15. 24. 13-14;
(78) When Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the forest was surrounded by Yudhiṣṭhira and others, as well as by citizens, he felt he was as though in Gajasāhvaya as before (mene…pureva gajasāhvaye) 15. 31. 18; (rame cāhaṁ …pureva gajasāhvaye) 15. 44. 15;
(79) When permitted by Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Gāndhārī and Kuntī, Yudhiṣṭhira returned to the town Hāstinapura (nagaraṁ hāstinapuraṁ punar āyāt) 15. 44. 52;
(80) When Yudhiṣṭhira heard about the death of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Gāndhārī and Kuntī, he went out (of the town) to the river Gaṅgā (niryayau saha sodaryaiḥ sadāraḥ…gaṅgāṁ prajagmuḥ) 15. 47. 10-11; after offering water libations to the dead (15. 47. 12), Yudhiṣṭhira and others returned to town but stayed outside it until they were freed from impurity (śaucaṁ nivartayantas te tatroṣur nagarād bahiḥ) 15. 47. 13; on the twelfth day he performed the śrāddha and gave gifts (15. 47. 16) and then entered the town Vāraṇāhvaya (praviveṣā…nagaraṁ vāraṇāhvayam) 15. 47. 21; Dhṛtarāṣṭra had lived a total of fifteen years in the town (Hāstinapura) after the death of his sons in the battle, and three years in the forest (evaṁ varṣāṇy atītāni dhṛtarāṣṭrasya dhīmataḥ/ vanavāse tadā trīṇi nagare daśa pañca ca// hataputrasya saṁgrāme) 15. 47. 25-26;
(81) Consoled by Vyāsa over the death of Kṛṣṇa and others, Arjuna returned to the town Nāgasāhvaya (yayau pārtho nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam) 16. 9. 37;
(82) When Yudhiṣṭhira decided to start on the great journey (mahāprasthāna) he gave the kingdom of Hāstinapura to Parikṣit and of Śakraprastha to Vajra (parikṣid dhāstinapure śakraprasthe tu yādavaḥ) 17. 1. 9; he, along with his brothers, Draupadī and a dog, left Gajasāhvaya on their great journey; he was followed by the citizens and the women of the inner apartments; all the citizens then returned to (the town) (niryayau gajasāhvayāt…nyavartanta tataḥ sarve narā nagaravāsinaḥ) 17. 1. 23-24;
(83) After completing his sarpasatra, king Janamejaya took leave of the officiating priests and came back from Takṣaśilā to Gajāhvaya (tataḥ takṣaśilāyāḥ sa punar āyād gajāhvayam) 18. 5. 29.
E. Past event: When Kaṇva asked his puplis to take Śakuntalā and her son to her husband Duḥṣanta, (1. 68. 10), they all left for Gajasāhvaya (te sarve…prātiṣṭhanta…gajasāhvayam) 1. 68. 12.
F. Simile:
(1) With the dances of the dancers and sounds of the songs, the town (Hāstinapura) became like the residence of Kubera (nartakaiś cāpi nṛtyadbhir gāyanānāṁ ca nisvanaiḥ/āsīd vaiśravaṇasyeva nivāsas tat puraṁ tadā//) 14. 69. 17. [See Vardhamānapura, Nāgāhvaya^2 ]
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Mahabharata Cultural Index
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Hāstinapura : nt.: Name of a city, also referred to as Nāgapura 1. 105. 18, 21, 23; 1. 110. 37, 40; 1. 117. 9; 3. 90. 22; 3. 180. 34, 35; 4. 24. 6; 5. 145. 5, 6; 8. 1. 25; 9. 26. 22; 14. 51. 52, Gajapura 13. 153. 6; also once Dhārtarāṣṭrapura 3. 242. 17; Nāgasāhvaya 1. 2. 145; 1. 39. 20; 1. 117. 4; 1. 122. 11; 1. 154. 16; 1. 199. 11; 2. 43. 2; 3. 1. 33; 5. 6. 18; 5. 147. 9; 9. 61. 38; 9. 62. 32; 12. 4. 21; 12. 38. 43; 13. 152. 11; 14. 61. 7; 14. 69. 13; 14. 70. 10; 16. 9. 37; (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 1. 2. 231: nāgo hastī/tena samānasaṁjñaṁ hastināpuram ity arthaḥ), Gajasāhvaya 1. 68. 12; 1. 102. 22; 1. 105. 19, 27; 1. 122. 12; 2. 43. 12; 2. 71. 25; 3. 1. 8; 3. 34. 81; 5. 176. 10; 5. 179. 15; 11. 11. 1; 14. 14. 16; 14. 50. 50; 14. 51. 2; 15. 22. 3; 15. 31. 18; 15. 44. 15; 17. 1. 23, Vāraṇasāhvaya 1. 119. 3; 3. 150. 8; 3. 293. 15; 5. 173. 2; 9. 55. 19; 13. 152. 13; 14. 51. 24; 14. 65. 1; 14. 70. 2, Nāgāhvaya 7. 1. 7; 8. 1. 17, 25; 14. 64. 18; 14. 83. 1; 14. 86. 1), Gajāhvaya 1. 37. 9; 2. 71. 20; 3. 7. 17; 5. 175. 19; 12. 58. 30; 15. 21. 12; 18. 5. 29, Vāraṇāhvaya 3. 238. 13; 15. 47. 21; when referred to as Nāgasāhvaya etc., generally accompanied by the word nagara or pura.
A. Founding and explanation of the name: The city was founded by king Hastin, the son of Suhotra and Suvarṇā; that is why the city is called Hāstinapura (tasyām (i. e. suvarṇāyām) asya (i. e. suhotrasya) jajñe hastī/ya idaṁ hāstinapuraṁ māpayām āsa/etad asya hāstinapuratvam) 1. 90. 36;
B. Description: Delightful (ramya) 1. 94. 10; the best city (nagarottama) 13. 153. 5; praised as the best among towns (tato nirvacanaṁ loke sarvarāṣṭreṣv avartata//…purāṇāṁ gajasāhvayam//) 1. 102. 21-22 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 1. 109. 23: nirvacanaṁ praśaṁsā); comparable with the city of Indra (purandarapuropama) 1. 94. 38; the houses in Hāstinapura looked like white mountains (śvetaparvatarūpebhyo gṛhebhyaḥ) 11. 9. 9; the capital town of the Kurus (kurūṇām puṭabhedane) 1. 94. 10 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 1. 100. 12: puṭabhedane pattane).
C. Description of the town on specific occasions:
(1) On the arrival of Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna: full of delighted people (saṁprahṛṣṭanarākula) 14. 51. 24;
(2) When the still-born child, Parīkṣit, was brought back to life: people decorated the town with heaps of garlands; citizens beautified their houses with small and big flags; the highways were decorated with flowers; the city looked bright and produced sound similar to the tide of the ocean; owing to the sound of dancing and singing of dancers the town appeared like the residence of Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera); the city's empty places were filled with bards in thousands, accompanied by women; flags moving in the blowing wind as if pointed out to the Kurus the northern and the southern direction; the high-placed king's officer then announced to the people enjoyment, all through the night, in which ornaments of jewels were to be displayed (alaṁcakruś ca mālyaughaiḥ puruṣā nāgasāhvayam//patākābhir vicitrābhir dhvajaiś ca vividhair api/veśmāni samalaṁcakruḥ paurāś cāpi janādhipa// rājamārgāś ca tatrāsan sumanobhir alaṁkṛtāḥ/śuśubhe tat puraṁ cāpi samudraughanibhasvanam//nartakaiś cāpi nṛtyadbhir gāyakānāṁ ca nisvanaiḥ/āsīd vaiśravaṇasyeva nivāsas tat puraṁ tadā// bandibhiś ca narai rājan strī sahāyaiḥ sahasraśaḥ/tatra tatra vivikteṣu samantād upaśobhitam//patākā dhūyamānāś ca śvasatā mātariśvanā/adarśayann iva tadā kurūn vai dakṣiṇottarān//aghoṣayat tadā cāpi puruṣo rājadhūrgataḥ/sarvarātrivihāro 'dya ratnābharaṇalakṣaṇaḥ//) 14. 69. 13-20;
(3) After the departure of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Gāndhārī, Kuntī and Vidura, the whole town with its old men, women and children became cheerless, the town was as if without any sound as at the end of a festival (tad ahṛṣṭam ivākūjaṁ gatotsavam ivābhavat/nagaraṁ hāstinapuraṁ sastrīvṛddhakumārakaṁ//) 15. 24. 14.
D. Epic events: The name of the city occurs in connection with many important events; on various occasions, however, Hāstinapura is referred to simply by words such as nagara or pura (in the following listing references of this type where the city is not directly named are likely to be incomplete) (1) Janamejaya, son of Parikṣit, after the completion of his satra at Kurukṣetra, returned to Hāstinapura and searched for a suitable Purohita who could pacify the evil act done by him (sa tasmin satre samāpte hāstinapuraṁ pratyetya purohitam anurūpam anvicchamānaḥ paraṁ yatnam akarod yo me pāpakṛtyāṁ śamayed iti) 1. 3. 10 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 1. 3. 11: pāpakṛtyāṁ śāparūpāṁ balāyuḥprāṇanikṛntanīṁ devatām);
(2) Uttaṅka, wanting to take revenge on Takṣaka for his misdeed, started for Hāstinapura; (uttaṅkaḥ…hāstinapuraṁ pratasthe/sa hāstinapuraṁ prāpya) 1. 3. 177178;
(3) Parikṣit, after placing the body of a dead snake on the shoulder of Śṛṅgin's father returned to his town Gajāhvaya (svanagaraṁ pratiyāto gajāhvayam) 1. 37. 9;
(4) When Kāśyapa ceased from proceeding to Hāstinapura, Takṣaka himself went speedily to the town Nāgasāhvaya (nivṛtte kāśyape…/jagāma takṣakas tūrṇaṁ nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam//) 1. 39. 20;
(5) Śaṁtanu ruled the earth from Hāstinapura, the capital town of the Kurus (sa hāstinapure ramye kurūṇāṁ puṭabhedane/ vasan…anvaśād vai vasuṁdharām) 1. 94. 10;
(6) Śaṁtanu, unwilling to agree to the condition laid down by the Dāśa, returned to Hāstinapura (pratyayād dhāstinapuram) 1. 94. 53;
(7) Bhīṣma took Satyavatī on a chariot to Hāstinapura and reported to Śaṁtanu (āgamya hāstinapuram śaṁtanoḥ saṁnyavedayat) 1. 94. 92;
(8) Bhīṣma having won the Kāśi princesses, brought them to Hāstinapura (prayayau hāstinapuram) 1. 96. 41;
(9) Kings who formerly collected wealth from Kuru kings (wealth described in 1. 105. 16-18) were made to pay it back as tribute by Pāṇḍu, king of Nāgapura and the lion of Nāgapura (tat sarvaṁ pratijagrāha rājā nāgapurādhipaḥ) 1. 105. 18; (te nāgapurasiṁhena pāṇḍunā karadāḥ kṛtāḥ) 1. 105. 21; he then returned to Gajasāhvaya (yayau pāṇḍuḥ… puraṁ ca gajasāhvayam) 1. 105. 19; Bhīṣma and others who lived in Nāgapura (nāgapurālayāḥ) went out (of the town) a little distance to receive Pāṇḍu 1. 105. 23; Bhīṣma, delighted, entered the town Gajasāhvaya with Pāṇḍu (viveśa gajasāhvayam) 1. 105. 27;
(10) Pāṇḍu sent messengers to Nāgapura to inform Bhīṣma and others that he had resolved to repair to the forest to lead the life of an ascetic; accordingly, the messengers quickly went to Nāgapura (gatvā nāgapuraṁ vācyaṁ pāṇḍuḥ pravrajito vanam//…yayur nāgapuraṁ tūrṇam) 1. 110. 37, 40;
(11) After the death of Pāṇḍu, Kuntī and the Pāṇḍavas were brought by the ascetics to Hāstinapura and reported to Bhīṣma and Vidura (hāstinapuram ānīya…bhīṣmasya vidurasya ca niveditāḥ) 1. 90. 77; (nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam//…gamane cakrire manaḥ) 1. 117. 4-5; when the citizens of Hāstinapura heard about the arrival of the ascetics they were astonished; the people of Nāgapura went out to receive them (śrutvā nāgapure nṝṇāṁ vismayaḥ samajāyata//…niryayuḥ puravāsinaḥ) 1. 117. 9-10;
(12) When Pāṇḍu's śrāddha ceremony was performed on the Ganges by Bhīṣma and others, the citizens took the Pāṇḍavas, who had performed purification, and entered the town Vāraṇasāhvaya (kṛtaśaucān…pāṇḍavān…/ ādāya viviśuḥ paurāḥ puraṁ vāraṇasāhvayam//) 1. 119. 3;
(13) Droṇa, insulted by Drupada, decided to do something to the Pāñcālas and went to Hāstinapura, the city of the Kuru chiefs (jagāma kurumukhyānāṁ nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam//) 1. 122. 11 = 1. 154. 16; the Kuru princes had come out of Gajasāhvaya and were playing with a wooden piece (tip cat) (niṣkramya… gajasāhvayāt/krīḍanto vīṭayā) 1. 122. 12 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 1. 131. 17: vīṭayā yavākāreṇa prādeśamātrakāṣṭhena/yat hastamātradaṇḍena upary upari kumārāḥ prakṣipanti/lohagulikayety anye);
(14) Adhiratha sent Karṇa to Vāraṇasāhvaya (to learn the science of missiles from Droṇa (prasthāpayām āsa puraṁ vāraṇasāhvayam) 3. 293. 15;
(15) After the battle that ensued at the time of the svayaṁvara of the Kaliṅga princess, Duryodhana, protected by Karṇa, went from Rājapura to Nāgasāhvaya taking with him the princess (nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam) 12. 4. 21;
(16) Dhṛtarāṣṭra told the Pāṇḍavas that after enjoying themselves at Vāraṇāvata for some time, they would return to Hāstinapura (hāsthinapuraṁ sukhinaḥ punar eṣyatha) 1. 131. 10;
(17) When Duryodhana and others realized that the Pāṇḍavas were really not dead, they blamed Virocana and entered Hāstinapura (viviśur hāstinapuram) 1. 192. 13;
(18) Vidura told Drupada that the Pāṇḍavas and Kuntī would be anxious to return to the town (Hāstinapura); that all the Kuru ladies, the city and the country, anxious to see them, were awaiting their arrival (ime cāpi nararṣabḥāḥ/utsukā nagaraṁ draṣṭuṁ bhaviṣyanti pṛthā tathā//…kuruvarastriyaḥ/draṣṭukāmāḥ pratīkṣante puraṁ ca viṣayaṁ ca naḥ//) 1. 198. 22-23; the Pāṇḍavas, together with Draupadī and Kuntī, went happily to the town Nāgasāhvaya (nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam) 1. 199. 11; they slowly entered the town Hāstinapura (nagaraṁ hāstinapuram) 1. 199. 14; when the Pāṇḍavas arrived, the town as though burst with curiosity (kautūhalena nagaraṁ dīryamāṇaṁ ivābhavat) 1. 199. 15; at the bidding of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the Pāṇḍavas, with the whole town (following them), entered their houses (sarveṇa nagareṇa te/samāviśanta veśmāni) 1. 199. 22; this event is included in Vaiśaṁpāyana's summary of the epic (te tatra draupadīṁ labdhvā…hāstinapuraṁ pratyājagmur ariṁdamāḥ//) 1. 55. 22;
(19) Yudhiṣṭhira sent Nakula to Hāstinapura to invite Bhīṣma and others for the Rājasūya; accordingly Nakula went to Hāstinapura and invited Bhīṣma and Dhṛtarāṣṭra (preṣayām āsa pāṇḍavam/nakulaṁ hāstinapuram…//; sa gatvā hāsiinapuraṁ nakulaḥ) 2. 30. 53; 2. 31. 1;
(20) Duryodhana saw in the Sabhā of the Pāṇḍavas heavenly (architectural) designs which he had never seen in the town Nāgasāhvaya (tasyāṁ divyān abhiprāyān dadarśa kurunandanaḥ/ na dṛṣṭapūrvā ye tena nagare nāgasāhvaye) 2. 43. 2 (Nī, however, on Bom. Ed. 2. 47. 2: abhiprāyān devādīnāṁ krīḍātatsthānād. yabhinayapradarśakacitrādigatān āśayaviśeṣān);
(21) Duryodhana returned to Gajasāhvaya sad after seeing the prosperity of the Pāṇḍavas at Rājasūya (jagāma gajasāhvayam) 2. 43. 12;
(22) On reaching Hāstinapura, Yudhiṣṭhira went straight to the residence of Dhṛtarāṣṭra 2. 52. 22;
(23) While going to the forest Draupadī said that fourteen years later the Kuru women, with their hair loose, will enter Gajāhvaya after offering water libations to their dead husbands (muktakeśyo…evaṁ kṛtodakā nāryaḥ pravekṣyanti gajāhvayam) 2. 71. 20;
(24) While the Pāṇḍavas were going out of Gajasāhvaya, bad omens like lightning flashes in the absence of clouds, shaking of the earth occurred (niryatsu gajasāhvayāt) 2. 71. 25;
(25) The Pāṇḍavas came out of Gajasāhvaya to go to the forest through a gate at Vardhamānapura (niryayur gajasāhvayāt//vardhamānapuradvāreṇābhiniṣkramya) 3. 1. 8-9;
(26) Yudhiṣṭhira, while requesting the citizens to return, told them that Bhīṣma, the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), Vidura, Kuntī, and friends would still be in the town Nāgasāhvaya (nagare nāgasāhvaye) 3. 1. 33;
(27) Enraged, Dhṛtarāṣṭra told Vidura that he would no more want him (for consultations) to protect the earth or the city (Hāstinapura) (mahīm imāṁ pālayituṁ puraṁ vā) 3. 6. 17;
(28) When requested by Dhṛtarāṣṭra to come back, Vidura returned to Gajāhvaya (punar āyād gajāhvayam) 3. 7. 17;
(29) Kṛṣṇa told Yudhiṣṭhira that since he was involved in battle with Śālva he could not go to Hāstinapura even though he had heard about the dice game (yenāhaṁ nāgamaṁ tadā/ śrutvaiva hāstinapuram dyūtam) 3. 15. 22 (here Kṛṣṇa says that he had heard about the game; but earlier he said that he knew nothing about it 3. 14. 2, 14-16);
(30) Bhīma urged Yudhiṣṭhira to attack Gajasāhvya with his brothers (tvaramāṇo 'bhiniryātu…adyaiva gajasāhvayam) 3. 34. 8081;
(31) Kṛṣṇa assured Yudhiṣṭhira that he could get him his kingdom back (3. 48. 23) so that he could rule the earth from Hāstinapura (tatas tvaṁ hāstinapure…vasan /…praśādhi pṛthivīm imām//) 3. 48. 26;
(32) The citizens (paurāḥ) who followed Yudhiṣṭhira to the forest returned to Nāgapura when he decided to go on a pilgrimage with Lomaśa (jagmur nāgapuraṁ prati) 3. 90. 22;
(33) Hanūmant asked Bhīma if he should go to Vāraṇasāhvaya and kill the Kauravas (gatvā vāraṇasāhvayam) 3. 150. 8;
(34) Kṛṣṇa told Yudhiṣṭhira that after the fulfilment of the contract (samaya), let Nāgapura await his arrival, for he was sure to get back Nāgapura and the whole kingdom (pratīkṣatāṁ nāgapuraṁ bhavantaṁ//…prapatsyase nāgapuraṁ sarāṣṭram//) 3. 180. 34-35;
(35) When released by the Pāṇḍavas from the captivity of the Gandharvas, Duryodhana left for the town (Hāstinapura) (jagāma nagaraṁ prati) 3. 235. 23; (svapuraṁ prayayau rājā) 3. 236. 6; Janamejaya felt that Duryodhana, proud as he was, must have found it difficult to enter Hāstinapura (nityāhaṁkāravādinaḥ/ praveśo hāstinapure duṣkaraḥ pratibhāti me//) 3. 236. 3;
(36) Duryodhana, humiliated by his adverseries, decided to fast unto death (iha prāyam upāsiṣye) and not return to the town; he asked his brothers, led by Duḥśāsana, to return to the town (prayāntv adya puraṁ prati) 3. 238. 10-11; (na hy ahaṁ pratiyāsyāmi puraṁ śatrunirākṛtaḥ) 3. 238. 12; he wondered what he could tell Dhṛtarāṣṭra after reaching Vāraṇāhvaya (vāraṇāhvayam āsādya kiṁ vakṣyāmi janādhipam) 3. 238. 13;
(37) When asked by Janamejaya, Vaiśaṁpāyana told him what happened after Duryodhana's return to Hāstinapura (āgate hāstinapuram) 3. 241. 1, 3;
(38) Kings of different countries and Brāhmaṇas arrived at Dhārtarāṣṭrapura to attend Duryodhan's Vaiṣṇava sacrifice (ājagmuḥ…dhārtarāṣṭrapuraṁ prati) 3. 242. 17; after the completion of the Vaiṣṇava sacrifice (3. 241. 32), Duryodhana entered Hāstinapura 3. 242. 24; joyful, he entered the town (praviveśa puraṁ hṛṣṭaḥ) 3. 243. 6;
(39) The spies of the Kauravas, sent out in search of the Pāṇḍavas, returned to Nāgapura (nyavartanta te ca nāgapuraṁ prati) 4. 24. 6;
(40) While taking away the cattle of Virāṭa, Duryodhana, if challenged, was prepared to fight even with Indra and Yama, but not return to Hāstinapura without fighting out with them (ko hāstinapuraṁ vrajet) 4. 42. 18;
(41) Aśvatthāman blamed Karṇa for boasting even before the cattle had reached Hāstinapura (gāvo…na hāstinapuraṁ prāptāḥ) 4. 45. 1;
(42) Devaputra (Arjuna) told Duryodhana that he would not find refuge even in Hāstinapura (na hāstinapure trāṇaṁ tava paśyāmi kiṁcana) 4. 64. 24;
(43) The Purohita of Drupada went on behalf of the Pāṇḍavas (5. 5. 7, 18) to Nāgasāhvaya town (nagaraṁ nāgasāsāhvayam) 5. 6. 18;
(44) There was not enough space in Hāstinapura even for the principal kings and their chief warriors who came to help Duryodhana (na hāstinapure rājann avakāśo 'bhavat tadā) 5. 19. 28;
(45) After his meeting with the Pāṇḍavas, Saṁjaya returned to Hāstinapura and quickly reported his arrival to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (saṁprāpya hāstinapuram) 5. 32. 2;
(46) When Kṛṣṇa started for Hāstinapura, strong, noisy, south-westernly wind swept the town (prāmathnād dhāstinapuraṁ vāto dakṣiṇapaścimaḥ) 5. 82. 10; Dhṛtarāṣṭra had ordered that the maidens who would go out of the town to see Kṛṣṇa would go without wearing the upper garment (nagarād api yāḥ kāścid gamiṣyanti janārdanam/draṣṭuṁ kanyāḥ…tāś ca yāsyanty anāvṛtāḥ); the whole town with all its women, men and children (sastrīpuruṣabālaṁ hi nagaram) was looking forward to see Kṛṣṇa; flags, big and small (mahādhvajapatākāś ca), were to be put up in all directions and Kṛṣṇa's path was to be sprinkled with water and freed from dust 5. 84. 16-18; Kṛṣṇa's visit to the town Nāgasāhvaya to seek peace is referred to in the list of the contents of the Udyogaparvan as given in the Parvasaṁgrahaparvan (yatra kṛṣṇo…saṁdhim icchan…svayam āgāc chamaṁ kartuṁ nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam) 1. 2. 145, and also in Vaiśaṁpāyana's account of Rāma's going on pilgrimage (sa gatvā hāstinapuram) 5. 34. 5-6;
(47) Returning from Hāstinapura to Upaplavya, Kṛṣṇa reported to the Pāṇḍavas all that had happened in his meeting with the Kauravas (āgamya hāstinapurād upaplavyam ariṁdamaḥ) 5. 145. 1; Yudhiṣṭhira asked Kṛṣṇa to tell him (Yudhiṣṭhira) what he told to Dnryodhana when he went to Nāgapura (tvayā nāgapuraṁ gatvā); Kṛṣṇa told him that having reached Nāgapura (mayā nāgapuraṁ gatvā) he told Duryodhana in the Sabhā what was true, wholesome and beneficial for him (tathyaṁ pathyaṁ hitaṁ) but he would not listen 5. 145. 5-6 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 5. 147. 6: pathyaṁ nyāyopetaṁ hitam ubhayatra jayāvaham);
(48) Dhṛtarāṣṭra, while telling to Duryodhana, the past history of the Kurus, told him that Yadu, the son of Yayāti and Devayānī, lived in Nāgasāhvaya and humbled all the kings (avasan nāgasāhvaye) 5. 147. 9; (48a) The camp of the Kaurava army near Kurukṣetra looked like another Hāstinapura (yathaiva hāstinapuraṁ tadvat śibiram ābabhau) 5. 153. 35; (yathaiva hāstinapuraṁ dvitīyam) 5. 196. 12; the marching out of the armies from the town Hāstinapura is mentioned in the list of the contents of the Udyogaparvan in the Parvasaṁgrahaparvan (nagarād dhāstinapurāt) 1. 2. 149;
(49) Bhīṣma, after defeating the kings assembled for the svayaṁvara of the Kāśi princesses, returned to Hāstinapura with them 5. 170. 21; (gajāhvayam) 5. 175. 19; when rejected by Śālva, Ambā could not think of returning to Vāraṇasāhvaya (na ca śakyaṁ punar gantuṁ mayā vāraṇasāhvayam) 5. 173. 2; Akṛtavraṇa, father of Ambā's mother, told her that if Bhīṣma had not carried her away to Gajasāhvaya (na nayed gajasāhvayam), Śālva, afraid of Rāma, would have accepted her 5. 176. 10; after Rāma and Bhīṣma decided to fight with each other, Bhīṣma returned to the town (Hāstinapura) (praviśya nagaram) to report to Satyavatī 5. 179. 15; then Bhīṣma, with the blessings for victory pronounced on him by her, came out of Gajasāhvaya and went to the battlefield at Kurukṣetra (niṣkramya gajasāhvayāt) 5. 179. 15;
(50) After the fall of Bhīṣma, Saṁjaya returned from the battlefield to the town Nāgāhvaya to report the event to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (śibirāt saṁjayaṁ prāptaṁ niśi nāgāhvayaṁ puram) 7. 1. 7;
(51) After the fall of Karṇa, Saṁjaya went to the town Nāgāhvaya/Nāgapura/ Hāstinapura and then to the residence of Dhṛtarāṣṭra to report to him what had happened on the battlefield (gatvā nāgāhvayaṁ puraṁ) 8. 1. 17; (yayau nāgapuram) 8. 1. 25; (sa hāstinapuraṁ gatvā…jagāma dhṛtarāṣṭrasya kṣayam) 8. 1. 26;
(52) Arjuna told Kṛṣṇa that at the fall of Duryodhana, all women in Nāgapura would cry loudly hearing the death of their loved ones (sarvā nāgapurastriyaḥ) 9. 26. 22;
(53) Saṁjaya, saved from the hands of Sātyaki, left for the town (Hāstinapura) in the evening (prātiṣṭhaṁ…nagaraṁ sāyāhne) 9. 28. 39; he told Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the old guards who took care of the women of the royal family took the women under their charge and had left for the town (tato vṛddhā mahārāja yoṣitāṁ rakṣiṇo narāḥ/rājadārān upādāya prayayur nagaraṁ prati//) 9. 28. 63; the ministers of Duryodhana took to the town women of the royal family (tato duryodhanāmātyāḥ …/rājadārān upādāya prayayur nagaraṁ prati) 9. 28. 68; the gate-keepers and guards of women (dvārādhyakṣā…dārarakṣiṇaḥ) took shining beds, costly bedcovers with them and left for the town (śayanīyāni śubhrāṇi spardhyāstaraṇavanti ca/samādāya yayus tūrṇaṁ nagaraṁ dārarakṣiṇaḥ//) 9. 28. 69; other men also took their wives to the town (apare janāḥ/ svān svān dārān upādāya prayayur nagaraṁ prati) 9. 28. 70; women who were not seen in their houses even by the sun were seen by people going to the town (yāntīḥ puraṁ prati); (prayayur nagaraṁ tūrṇam) 9. 28. 71-72;
(54) Other men, including cowherds and shepherds, afraid of Bhīma, fled to the town (ā gopālāvipālebhyo dravanto nagaraṁ prati/yayur manuṣyāḥ); they looked at each other in fright and ran to the town (prekṣamāṇās tadānyonyaṁ ādhāvan nagaraṁ prati) 9. 28. 73-74;
(55) Yuyutsu saw that Duryodhana's ministers had rushed to the town taking with them women of the royal family; so, with the permission of Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīmasena, he too, who had not accompanied the women of the royal family to the town, sped his horses and entered Hāstinapura along with the women in the evening (duryodhanasya sacivāḥ…rājadārān upādāya vyadhāvan nagaraṁ prati//…tataḥ sa ratham āsthāya drutam aśvān acodayat/ asaṁbhāvitavāṁś cāpi rājadārān puraṁ prati//taiś caiva sahitaḥ kṣipram astaṁ gacchati bhāskare/praviṣṭo hāstinapuram) 9. 28. 78, 81-82; Vidura asked Yuyutsu why he had come back to the town, when the king (i. e. Duryodhana) had not been able to enter it (vinā rājñaḥ praveśād vai kim asi tvam ihāgataḥ) 9. 28. 85; Yuyutsu then told Vidura that when Duryodhana went away from the place of the camp, all people, afraid, ran to the town (Hāstinapura); then the superitendents of the women put women of the royal family in chariots and ran (to the town) due to fear; then he too, took leave of the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) and Keśava, and entered Hāstinapura to save himself from public criticism (apakrānte tu nṛpatau skandhāvāraniveśanāt/…sarvaṁ prādravan nagaraṁ prati//…stryadhyakṣāḥ prādravan bhayāt//…tato 'haṁ samanujñāpya rājānaṁ sahakeśavam/…praviṣṭo hāstinapuraṁ rakṣaĩ lokād dhi vācyatām//) 9. 28. 87-89;
(56) Bhīma assured Yudhiṣṭhira that he would break Duryodhana's body to pieces with his mace so that he would never again enter the town Vāraṇasāhvaya (nagaraṁ…vāraṇasāhvayam) 9. 55. 19;
(57) The Pāṇḍavas sent Kṛṣṇa to Nāgasāhvaya to pacify Gāndhārī who had lost all her sons in the battle; accordingly Kṛṣṇa went to that town (saṁpreṣayām āsur yādavaṁ nāgasāhvayam/…sa prāyāt…tat puram) 9. 61. 38, 40; (jagāma hāstinapuram) 9. 62. 31; he having reached Nāgasāhvaya entered the town resounding it with the sound of his chariot (nāgasāhvayam āsādya praviveśa ca vīryavān/ praviśya nagaraṁ vīraḥ…) 9. 62. 32-33; having comforted Gāndhārī, Kṛṣṇa left Hāstinapura to meet the Pāṇḍavas (jagāma ha/śibiraṁ hāstinapurād…) 9. 62. 72;
(58) The whole town including children was afflcted with grief (ākumāraṁ puraṁ sarvam) 11. 9. 8; Dhṛtarāṣṭra, with Gāndhārī, Kuntī and other grieving Kaurava women, came out of the town (Hāstinapura) to go to the battlefield (tato 'sau niryayau purāt); (niryayau nagarād dīnaḥ) 11. 9. 7, 17; the artisans, merchants, Vaiśyas, and all sorts of working people followed Dhṛtarāṣṭra in going out of the town (niryayur nagarād bahiḥ) 11. 9. 18;
(59) After meeting Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Gāndhārī and others on the battlefield, Kṛpa went to Hāstinapura 11. 10. 21;
(60) Yudhiṣṭhira heard of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's going from Gajasāhvaya to the battlefield (niryātaṁ gajasāhvayāt) 11. 11. 1;
(61) Yudhiṣṭhira entered his own town (Hāstinapura) (svapuraṁ praviveśa ha) 12. 38. 30; praised with good songs by bards, charioteers and panegyrists he entered the town Nāgasāhvaya (tato vaitālikaiḥ sūtair māgadhaiś ca subhāṣitaiḥ/stūyamāno yayau rājā nagaram nāgasāhvayam) 12. 38. 43; the description of the town when Yadhiṣṭhira entered it is given in 12. 38. 45-49 (naraiḥ nagaravāsibhiḥ/nagaraṁ rājamārgaś ca yathāvat samalaṁkṛtam; kumbhāś ca nagaradvāri…; tathā svalaṁkṛtadvāraṁ nagaraṁ pāṇḍunandanaḥ/…praviveśa); also 12. 39. 1-3;
(62) Kṛṣṇa, Kṛpa, Yudhiṣṭhira and others, took leave of Bhīṣma and, after bathing in Dṛṣadvatī and performing evening rites, entered the town Gajāhvaya (tataḥ puraṁ te viviśur gajāhvayam) 12. 58. 30;
(63) A certain Brāhmaṇa, Śamyāka by name (12. 170. 2-3), had formerly told Bhīṣma in Hāstinapura the virtues of renunciation (tyāga) (hāstinapure brāhmaṇenopavarṇitam śamyākena) 12. 170. 23;
(64) At the end of the discourse of Bhīṣma to Yudhiṣṭhira, Vyāsa asked him to permit Yudhiṣṭhira to return to the town (Hāstinapura) (purayānāya tvam anujñātum arhasi); accordingly, Bhīṣma permitted Yudhiṣṭhira to enter the town (praviśasva puraṁ rājan) 13. 152. 3, 5; Yudhiṣṭhira, then, along with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Gāndhārī and others, started for the town Nāgasāhvaya and entered the town Vāraṇasāhvaya (prayayau saparīvāro nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam) 13. 152. 11; (praviveśa…puraṁ vāraṇasāhvayam) 13. 152. 13;
(65) After living in the excellent town for fifty nights (uṣitvā śarvarīḥ śrīmān pañcāśan nagarottame), and remembering that he had promised to Bhīṣma to return to him at the commencement of Uttarāyaṇa (13. 152. 10-11), Yudhiṣṭhira came out of Gajapura) to go to Bhīṣma (sa niryayau gajapurāt) 13. 153. 5-6; (niścakrāma purāt tasmāt) 13. 153. 12;
(66) After performing the funeral rites of Bhīṣma, Karṇa and others, Yudhiṣṭhira, along with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, entered Gajasāhvaya (viveśa gajasāhvayam) 14. 14. 16;
(67) Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna decided to start from the Sabhā in Indraprastha (14. 15. 4-5; 14. 16. 1-4) to the town Gajasāhvaya to ask Yudhiṣṭhira to permit Kṛṣṇa to leave for Dvārakā (gacchāvo nagaraṁ…gajasāhvayam adya vai) 14. 50. 50-51; (Kṛṣṇa then asked his charioteer to get his chariot ready, and) Arjuna asked his attendants to get ready to go to the town Gajasāhvaya (prayāsyāmo nagaraṁ gajasāhvayam) 14. 51. 2; Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna reached Vāraṇasāhvaya and entered it (prāptau vāraṇasāhvayam/tathā viviśatuś cobhāu) 14. 51. 24; Vidura and others bade farewell to Kṛṣṇa and he came out of Nāgapura in a divine chariot drawn by four horses (viniryayau nāgapurāt) 14. 51. 52;
(68) The Pāṇḍavas, living in the town Nāgasāhvaya, did not have peace of mind due to the death of Abhimanyu (nagare nāgasāhvaye) 14. 61. 7;
(69) After worshipping Mahādeva and after collecting the hidden wealth, Yudhiṣṭhira returned to the town Nāgāhvaya (yayau puraṁ nāgāhvayaṁ prati) 14. 64. 18; his large army, feeling pain due to the burden of wealth, also started for the town (sā purābhimukhī rājan jagāma mahatī camūḥ/kṛcchrād draviṇabhārārtā) 14. 64. 20;
(70) Kṛṣṇa along with the Vṛṣṇis, came to the town Vāraṇasāhvaya for the horse sacrifice of Yudhiṣṭhira (puraṁ vāraṇasāhvayam) 14. 65. 1; for the reception of the Vṛṣṇi heroes, (king's) officers decorated Nāgasāhvaya with heaps of garlands and with various variegated, small and big flags; the citizens decorated also their houses (alaṁcakruś ca…puruṣā nāgasāhvayam/ veśmāni samalaṁcakruḥ paurāś cāpi) 14. 69. 13-14; the highways were decorated with flowers and the town, filled with the noise similar to that of the flood of the ocean, shone (śuśubhe tat puraṁ cāpi samudraughanibhasvanam) 14. 69. 16; dancing and singing, filled the town; the city was adorned by bards in thousands together with their women; flags, moved by wind, as if showed the southern and northern directions to the Kurus; a highly placed king's officer announced merry-making all through the night, displaying ornaments of jewels (patākā dhūyamānāś ca śvasatā mātariśvanā/adarśayann iva tadā kurūn vai dakṣiṇottarān//aghoṣayat tadā cāpi puruṣaḥ rājadhūrgataḥ/sarvarātrivihāro 'dya ratnābharaṇalakṣaṇaḥ) 14. 69. 17-20; the Pāṇḍavas who received the Vṛṣṇis, entered with them the town Vāraṇasāhvaya (puraṁ vāraṇasāhvayam) 14. 70. 2; the Pāṇḍavas, with their friends and ministers, entered their own town placing the treasure in front of them (te kośam agrataḥ kṛtvā viviśuḥ svapuraṁ tadā) 14. 70. 4;
(71) Some days later, Vyāsa also arrived at the town Nāgasāhvaya (nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam) 14. 70. 10;
(72) When Arjuna was to leave the town to accompany the horse of the Aśvamedha, the whole town including children gathered to see him (ākumāraṁ tadā rājann āgamad tat puraṁ vibho) 14. 72. 9; Aśvamedha horse, after wandering over the earth as far as the ocean, turned back and faced the direction of the town Nāgāhvaya (sa tu vājī samudrāntāṁ paryetya pṛthivīm imām//nivṛtto 'bhimukho rājan yena nāgāhvayaṁ puram) 14. 83. 1;
(73) The horse, after Arjuna's battle with Śakuni's son in the Gāndhāra country, returned to the direction of the town Nāgāhvaya (nyavartata tato vājī yena nāgāhvayaṁ puram) 14. 86. 1;
(7) Dhṛtarāṣṭra, before leaving for forest life, advised Yudhiṣṭhira to look after the safety of the town (Hāstinapura); he asked him to see that it was well protected by strong ramparts and arched doorways; it should have on all sides high watchtowers, close to each other with enough space for six persons to walk; it should have sufficient entrances, large in size; they should be well distributed and protected by mechanical devices (puraṁ ca te suguptaṁ syād dṛḍhaprākāratoraṇam/ aṭṭāṭṭālakasaṁbādhaṁ ṣaṭpathaṁ sarvatodiśam//tasya dvārāṇi kāryāṇi paryāptāni bṛhanti ca/sarvataḥ suvibhaktāni yantrair ārakṣitāni ca//) 15. 9. 16-17) (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 15. 5. 16: aṭṭāḥ durgoparibhāge sañcārasthānāni, ṣaṭpadaṁ (this is Nī.'s reading) ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ padanīyaiḥ sthānair yuktaṁ tena saptaprākāram iti gamyate/tatra saptamasyāntaḥpuratvāt ṣaḍ evānyeṣāṁ padanīyāni sthānāni);
(75) At the time of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's departure, the citizens of Gajāhvaya were very much grieved (duḥkhitaḥ pauravargo gajāhvaye 'tīva babhūva) 15. 21. 12; he went out of Gajasāhvaya through the gate called Vardhamāna (sa vardhamānadvāreṇa niryayau gajasāhvayāt) 15. 22. 3;
(76) Yudhiṣṭhira requested Kuntī not to follow Dhṛtarāṣṭra to the forest but to return to the town and be with her daughters-in-law (vadhūparivṛtā rājñi nagaraṁ gantum arhasi) 15. 22. 8;
(77) After the departure of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the Pāṇḍavas, along with women, returned to the town (pāṇḍavāḥ…strīsahitāḥ sarve puraṁ praviviśus tadā); the whole town Hāstinapura, with its women, old men and children, then became cheerless, noiseless, as after a festival (nagaraṁ hāstinpuraṁ tad ahṛṣṭam ivākūjaṁ gatotsavam ivābhavat sastrīvṛddhakumārakam/) 15. 24. 13-14;
(78) When Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the forest was surrounded by Yudhiṣṭhira and others, as well as by citizens, he felt he was as though in Gajasāhvaya as before (mene…pureva gajasāhvaye) 15. 31. 18; (rame cāhaṁ …pureva gajasāhvaye) 15. 44. 15;
(79) When permitted by Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Gāndhārī and Kuntī, Yudhiṣṭhira returned to the town Hāstinapura (nagaraṁ hāstinapuraṁ punar āyāt) 15. 44. 52;
(80) When Yudhiṣṭhira heard about the death of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Gāndhārī and Kuntī, he went out (of the town) to the river Gaṅgā (niryayau saha sodaryaiḥ sadāraḥ…gaṅgāṁ prajagmuḥ) 15. 47. 10-11; after offering water libations to the dead (15. 47. 12), Yudhiṣṭhira and others returned to town but stayed outside it until they were freed from impurity (śaucaṁ nivartayantas te tatroṣur nagarād bahiḥ) 15. 47. 13; on the twelfth day he performed the śrāddha and gave gifts (15. 47. 16) and then entered the town Vāraṇāhvaya (praviveṣā…nagaraṁ vāraṇāhvayam) 15. 47. 21; Dhṛtarāṣṭra had lived a total of fifteen years in the town (Hāstinapura) after the death of his sons in the battle, and three years in the forest (evaṁ varṣāṇy atītāni dhṛtarāṣṭrasya dhīmataḥ/ vanavāse tadā trīṇi nagare daśa pañca ca// hataputrasya saṁgrāme) 15. 47. 25-26;
(81) Consoled by Vyāsa over the death of Kṛṣṇa and others, Arjuna returned to the town Nāgasāhvaya (yayau pārtho nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam) 16. 9. 37;
(82) When Yudhiṣṭhira decided to start on the great journey (mahāprasthāna) he gave the kingdom of Hāstinapura to Parikṣit and of Śakraprastha to Vajra (parikṣid dhāstinapure śakraprasthe tu yādavaḥ) 17. 1. 9; he, along with his brothers, Draupadī and a dog, left Gajasāhvaya on their great journey; he was followed by the citizens and the women of the inner apartments; all the citizens then returned to (the town) (niryayau gajasāhvayāt…nyavartanta tataḥ sarve narā nagaravāsinaḥ) 17. 1. 23-24;
(83) After completing his sarpasatra, king Janamejaya took leave of the officiating priests and came back from Takṣaśilā to Gajāhvaya (tataḥ takṣaśilāyāḥ sa punar āyād gajāhvayam) 18. 5. 29.
E. Past event: When Kaṇva asked his puplis to take Śakuntalā and her son to her husband Duḥṣanta, (1. 68. 10), they all left for Gajasāhvaya (te sarve…prātiṣṭhanta…gajasāhvayam) 1. 68. 12.
F. Simile:
(1) With the dances of the dancers and sounds of the songs, the town (Hāstinapura) became like the residence of Kubera (nartakaiś cāpi nṛtyadbhir gāyanānāṁ ca nisvanaiḥ/āsīd vaiśravaṇasyeva nivāsas tat puraṁ tadā//) 14. 69. 17. [See Vardhamānapura, Nāgāhvaya^2 ]
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