पुरूरवस्

यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः

वाचस्पत्यम्

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

पुरूरवस्¦ पु॰ पुरु रौति रु--असि दीर्षश्च सोमवंश्ये बुधस्यपुत्रे

१ राजभेदे तज्जन्मकथा यथा
“इलोवाच। मित्रावरुणयोरंशे जाताऽस्मि वदतां वर!। तयोः सकाशं यास्यामि न मां घर्मो हतोऽवधीत्

६ सैव-मुक्त्वा मनुं देवं मित्रावरुणयोरिला। गत्वाऽन्तिकं वरा-रोहा प्राञ्जलिर्वाक्यमब्रवीत्। अंशेऽस्मिन् युवयोर्जातादेवौ किं करवाणि वाम्। मनुना चाहमुक्त्वा वैअनुगच्छस्व मामिति। तां तथा वादिनीं साध्वीमिलांधर्मपरायणाम्। मित्रश्च वरुणश्चोभावूचतुर्यन्निबोध तत्। अनेन तव धर्मेण प्रश्रयेण दमेन च। सत्येन चैवसुश्रोणि! प्रीतौ स्वो वरवर्णिनि!। आवयोस्त्वं महा-भागे! ख्यातिं कन्येति यास्यसि। मनोर्वंशकरः पुत्रस्त्व-मेव च भविष्यसि। सुद्युम्न इति विख्यातस्त्रिषु लोकेषुशोभने!। जगत्प्रियो धर्मशीलो गनोर्वंशविवर्द्धनः। निवृत्ता सा तु तच्छ्रुत्वा गच्छन्ती पितुरन्तिकम्। बुधेना-न्तरमासाद्य मैथुनायोपमन्त्रिता। सोमपुत्राद्बुधाद्राजन्!तस्या जज्ञे पुरूरवाः। जनयित्वा ततः सा तं पुनःसुद्युम्नतां गता” हरिवं॰

३० अ॰।

२ विश्वदेवभेदे जटा॰। [Page4380-a+ 38] स च पार्वणे यजनीयदेवः।
“पुरूरवामार्दवाश्च पार्वणेसमुदाहृतौ” श्राद्धत॰ वृहस्यतिः।

Apte

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

पुरूरवस् [purūravas], m. [cf. Uṇ.4.231] The son of Budha and Ilā and founder of the lunar race of kings. [He saw the nymph Urvaśī, while descending upon earth owing to the curse of Mitra and Varuṇa, and fell in love with her. Urvaśī, too, was enamoured of the king who was as renowned for personal beauty as for truthfulness, devotion, and generosity, and became his wife. They lived happily together for many days, and after she had borne him a son, she returned to the heaven. The king heavily mourned her loss, and she was pleased to repeat her visits five successive times and bore him five sons. But the king, who wanted her life-long company, was not evidently satisfied with this; and he obtained his desired object after he had offered oblations as directed by the Gandharvas. The story told in Vikramorvaśīya differs in many respects; so does the account given in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, based on a passage in the Ṛigveda, where it is said that Urvaśī agreed to live with Purūravas on two conditions: namely that her two rams which she loved as children must be kept near her bed-side and never suffered to be carried away, and that he must take care never to be seen by her undressed. The Gandharvas, however, carried away the rams, and so Urvaśī disappeared.]

Monier-Williams

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

पुरूरवस्/ पुरू--रवस् mfn. crying much or loudly RV. i , 31 , 4

पुरूरवस्/ पुरू--रवस् m. N. of an ancient king of the lunar race (the lover of उर्वशी[See. RV. x , 95 S3Br. xi , 5 , 1 and कालिदास's drama विक्रमोर्वशी] , son of बुधand इLआ, father of आयुस्and ancestor of पुरुदुष्यन्त, भरत, कुरु, धृत-राष्ट्रand पाण्डु, supposed to have instituted the 3 sacrificial fires [ VS. v , 2 ] ;according to Nir. x , 46 he is one of the beings belonging to the middle region of the universe , and is possibly to be connected with the Sun as उर्वशीis with the Dawn ; according to others a विश्व-देवor a पार्वण-श्राद्ध-देव) RV. etc. etc.

पुरूरवस्/ पुरू-रवस् See. col. 1.

Purana index

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

(I)--(Aila) son of Budha and (Sudyumna in female form) इला; anointed king of प्रतिष्ठान (Pra- यागा) by Sudyumna when he retired to forest; फलकम्:F1:  भा. IX. 1. ३५, ४२; Br. III. ६५. ४५-6; ६६. 1-2, १९-22; M. १२. १५; वा. 1. १०६; Vi. IV. 1. १२ and १६.फलकम्:/F eager for territory; फलकम्:F2:  भा. XII. 3. 9.फलकम्:/F having heard of his beauty from नारद, ऊर्वशी [page२-356+ ४७] desired to marry him; she met the king and offered to be with him under two conditions, that he would undertake to protect the two sheep in her custody, and never to show himself naked except at their sexual intercourse; agreeing to the conditions he enjoyed her company, going round the earth, and frequenting Caitraratha and other gardens; miss- ing ऊर्वशि, Indra asked his Gandharvas to fetch her back; at midnight they stole the sheep, and hearing their noise she induced पुरूरवस् to recover them; the king who was then naked, went as he was and fetched them back; but ऊर्वशी seeing him naked left him; mad in love with her he followed her naked begging her to stay on; he found her playing in the सरस्वती waters with five friends; on an appeal from him she agreed to sleep with him one day every year; but he was all anxious to have her for ever; on her advice he prayed to the Gandharvas who gave him accom- modation and an अग्निस्ठाली; he left it on the way in a forest and went home; meanwhile त्रेतायुग had commenced; he went to see his स्थाली but found an अश्वत्थ instead; there in order to get at ऊर्वशी he cut off a couple of branches (अरणि) and churned them; fire, जातवेदस् came with the three Vedas who all became his sons; by this one Veda became three; फलकम्:F3:  Ib. IX. १४. १५-49; वा. ९१. 1-५२; Vi. IV. 6. ३४-93.फलकम्:/F had six sons आयु and others by ऊर्वशी; फलकम्:F4:  भा. IX. १५. 1; १७. 1; वा. ९१. ४८; Br. I. 1. ८९; 2. १४.फलकम्:/F finding she had gone once for all, he repented his action, got ashamed of his position as king and devoted himself to Hari; worshipped the Fire which was his son and reached the Gandharva world; the story given as an example of the evils of bad association; फलकम्:F5:  भा. XI. २६. 3-३५.फलकम्:/F meets पितृस् every New Moon day; a क्षत्रिय mantrava1din; आचार्य of सामगस्; originator of three sacred fires फलकम्:F6:  Br. II. २८. 1-9, ९७; ३२. १२०; ३३. 9; M. १४५. ११५; वा. ५६. 1, २२; ९१. ४८.फलकम्:/F of the इक्ष्वाकु line but originator of the lunar race and a राजऋषि; the Ailas came into prominence in the त्रेतायुग and declined in the Kali. फलकम्:F7:  M. १२. १५; १३. ६२; २७३. ५२-3, ६५.फलकम्:/F By meditating on the १०८ names of the देवी scored success over his enemies; फलकम्:F8:  Ib. १३. ६२.फलकम्:/F as a result of तपस् at the हिमालयस् in honour of जनार्दन, became the lord of the seven द्वीपस्; slew केशी and other Asuras; was offered अर्धासनम् by Indra, going to see him every day; paid more attention to Dharma [page२-357+ २९] and incurred the displeasure of Artha and काम; Initiated in भरतनाट्य शास्त्र फलकम्:F9:  Ib. २४. १०-33.फलकम्:/F in द्विजग्राम, became the king of मद्रदेश in the चाक्षुष Manvantara; फलकम्:F१०:  Ib. ११५. 4, 7-8, १०-18.फलकम्:/F served कूहु and सिनीवालि to obtain nectar from the moon for per- forming rituals to the पितृस्; gained his wish by the blessings of Atri फलकम्:F११:  Ib. १४१, 1, 8-२०.फलकम्:/F and by तपस् in the हिमालयस्. फलकम्:F१२:  Ib. chh. ११६-17, ११९; १२०. ४८.फलकम्:/F

(II)--a विश्वेदेव. Br. III. 3. ३१.

Purana Encyclopedia

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

PURŪRAVAS : I. A prominent king of Candravaṁśa (lunar race).

1) Origin of Candravaṁśa and birth of Purūravas. Descend- ing in order from Brahmā came Atri--Candra--Budha Purūravas. The dynasty which came from Candra was called the Candravaṁśa. Though Budha was the first king of Candravaṁśa it was Purūravas who became celebrated. The story of the birth of Purūravas is given below:

Brahmā in the beginning deputed the sage Atri for the work of creation. Atrimaharṣi started the penance called anuttara to acquire sufficient power for creation. After some years Saccidānanda brahma with an aura of lustre reflected in the heart of that pure and serene soul. In sheer ecstasy tears rolled down his cheeks and the glittering flow of water was lustfully drunk by the zones taking the form of women with a view to produc- ing progenies. They became pregnant but were un- able to bear the embryo of Atri and so they threw them away. Brahmā took them all and made them into one armoured youth and took him in his chariot to his land. Then the brahmarṣis requested Brahmā to make him their lord. When the rṣis, devas, gandharvas and nymphs praised him reciting sāmaveda the majestic lustre of the youth increased. It was from this that auṣadhas (medicines) originated and that is why Candra is considered to be the lord of medicines, dvija and Vedasvarūpa. The Candramaṇḍala is full of chemicals. It increases and decreases according to the white half and black half of the moon-based month.

Dakṣa gave in marriage to Candra twentyseven beauti- ful maidens. Then Candra did penance meditating on Viṣṇu for ten thousand Kalpas. Viṣṇu pleased by his penance asked him to name a boon and Candra said “When I perform a yāga in svarga all the devas like Brahmā should come in person to my yāgaśālā and take the yāgabhāga. Śūlapāṇi should remain as a watchman at my Rājasūya.” Accordingly with the blessing of Viṣṇu, Candra conducted the yāga in which Atri, Bhṛgu, Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Devas, Vasus, Maruts and Viśvadevas took part. Candra gave as yāga-fees to Ṛtviks all the three worlds. The yāga was complete and when Candra rose up after a bath nine devīs fell in love with the amorous beauty of Candra. Lakṣmī, wife of Viṣṇu, Sinīvālī, wife of Kardama, Dyuti, wife of Vibhāvasu, Puṣṭi, wife of Dhātā, Prabhā, wife of Sūrya, Kuhū, wife of Haviṣmān, Kīrti, wife of Jayanta, Aṁśumālī wife of Kaśyapa and Dhṛti wife of Nanda, abandoned their husbands and went with Candra. Candra treated them all as his own wives and gave them erotic pleasure to their hearts' content. Those who saw this non-virtuous act stood dumbfounded un- able to curse Candra.

Attracted by the dazzling brilliance of Candra Tārā, wife of Bṛhaspati, went with him. Enraged at this, Bṛhas- pati joining with other devas prepared for a fight against Candra. Devas took sides and by the media- tion of Indra a conference of both the parties was held and Tārā was sent back to Bṛhaspati. Tārā was pregnant then and Tārā confessed that the child in her womb was that of Candra. So when that child was born Candra took it away and named it Budha. Brahmā and other ṛṣis gave Budha a seat among the planets.

Budha married Ilā and they got a son named Purūravas. (See under Ilā). After that Budha performed a hundred Aśvamedhayāgas. He then enjoyed world prosperity as lord of Saptadvīpa living in the beautiful Himādri- śṛṅga. worshipping Brahmā. (Chapter 12, Bhāga 3, Padma Purāṇa).

2) Testing Purūravas and the curse. Purūravas by his bril- liance performed a hundred Aśvamedhayāgas and lived in glory at Himādriśṛṅga. Great demons like Keśī became his servants. Urvaśī attracted by his beauty became his wife. While he was living like that Dharma, Artha and Kāma went in disguise to his palace to test him. Hereceived them all well but paid more attention to Dharma. Artha and Kāma got angry and cursed him. Artha cursed him saying that he would be ruined by his greed and Kāma cursed him saying he would go mad by being separated from Urvaśī. Hearing that Dharma blessed him thus: “You will live long lead- ing a virtuous life. Your race will increase and remain in glory till the end of the moon and the stars. The insanity caused by your passion for Urvaśī would end by the end of sixty years. That celestial maiden would remain then with you for one Manvantara.” (Chapter 12, Bhāga 3, Padma Purāṇa).

Purūravas used to visit Indra daily. One day while he was going through air wellarmed with a bow and arrows he saw a demon named Keśī carrying away by force Urvaśī and Citralekhā and after defeating Keśī in a fight recovered the nymphs and gave them back to Indra. Indra praised Purūravas and in his honour a drama, Lakṣmīsvayaṁvara, was enacted by Urvaśī, Menakā and others. Urvaśī taking the part of Lakṣmī started to dance but seeing Purūravas before her she became lustful and made wrong steps. Nārada who was present at the function got angry and cursed her “You will forget all you have learnt. Not only that, you will live as a creeper separated from Purūravas for a period of sixty years.” (For details see under Urvaśī). Padma Purāṇa says that it was Bharata who cursed Urvaśī. This story is slightly different from that found in the other Purāṇas.

3) Sons of Purūravas. Urvaśī got eight sons of Purūravas named Āyus, Dṛḍhāyus, Vaśyāyus, Danāyus, Vṛttimān, Vasu, Divijāta and Subāhu. Of these Āyus became the propagator of the dynasty. Of the sons born to Āyus five sons, Nahuṣa, Vṛddhaśarmā, Raji, Dambha and Vipāpmā became celebrities. A hundred sons were born to Raji. They were called Rājeyas. (Chapter 12, Bhāga 3, Padma Purāṇa).

Some Purāṇas state that Purūravas had six sons while some state that he had seven sons.

4) Other details. The following references are made about him in the Mahābhārata.

(i) Once Purūravas stole the wealth of some brahmins. The brahmins took Sanatkumāra along with them and made representations to the king. Purūravas did not give back their wealth. The brahmins cursed him and as a result the prosperity of the King waned. Then Purū- ravas brought down from svarga three Agnis and per- formed a yāga and thus regained his lost splendour and prosperity. (Chapter 75, Ādi Parva).

(ii) Purūravas got six sons of Urvaśī named Āyus, Dhīmān, Amāvasu, Dṛḍhāyus, Vanāyus and Śatāyus.

(iii) Once he asked Vāyu the wind-god about the origin of the four castes and the superiority of the brahmins over other castes. (Śloka 3, Chapter 72, Śānti Parva).

(iv) At another time he discussed about yajñapurohitas with Kaśyapa. (Chapter 73, Śānti Parva).

(v) Ikṣvāku gave Purūravas a sword which in his old age he gave to his son Āyus. (Chapter 166, Śānti Parva).

(vi) He once declared that one can attain svarga by the blessings of brahmins. (Śloka 31, Chapter 6, Anu- śāsana Parva).

(vii) Purūravas was famous as a donor of cows. (Śloka 26, Chapter 76, Anuśāsana Parva).

(vii) Purūravas never ate meat. (Śloka 65, Chapter 111, Anuśāsana Parva).


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*3rd word in left half of page 620 (+offset) in original book.

PURŪRAVAS II : A king of the race of Dīptākṣa. (Śloka 15, Chapter 74, Udyoga Parva).


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*1st word in left half of page 621 (+offset) in original book.