मिथिला

यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः

कल्पद्रुमः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

मिथिला, स्त्री, (मथ्यन्ते शत्रवो यस्याम् । मथ् + “मिथिलादयश्च” उणा० १ । ५८ । इति इलच् अकारस्येत्वं निपात्यते ।) स्वनामख्यातनगरी । सा तु जनकराजपुरी । यथा । विदेहा मिथिला प्रोक्ता । इति हलायुधः ॥ (यथा, महाभारते । १ । ११३ । २८ । “ततः कोषं समादाय वाहनानि च भूरिशः । पाण्डुना मिथिलां गत्वा विदेहाः समरे जिताः ॥”) अपिचास्य निरुक्त्यादिकं यथा, -- “गण्डकीतीरमारभ्य चम्पारण्यान्तकं शिवे ! । विदेहभूः समाख्याता तैरभुक्ताभिधः स तु ॥” इति शक्तिसङ्गमतन्त्रे ७ पटलः । तैरभुक्ता त्रिहुत इति ख्याता ॥ तन्नामकारणं यथा, -- “अराजकभयं नॄणां मन्यमाना महर्षयः । देहं ममन्थुः स्म निमेः कुमारः समजायत ॥ जन्मना जनकः सोऽभूद्वैदेहस्तु विदेहजः । मिथिलो मथनाज्जातो मिथिला येन निर्म्मिता ॥” इति श्रीमद्भागवते ९ स्कन्धे १३ अध्यायः ॥ अपि च । “निमेः पुत्त्रस्तु तत्रैव मिथिर्नाम महान् स्मृतः । प्रथमं भुजबलैर्येन तैरहूतस्य पार्श्वतः । निर्म्मितं स्वीयनाम्ना च मिथिलापुरमुत्तमम् ॥ पुरीजननसामर्थ्यात् जनकः स च कीर्त्तितः ॥” इति भविष्यपुराणम् ॥

वाचस्पत्यम्

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

मिथिला¦ स्त्री मिथि + अस्त्यर्थे लच्। स्वनामख्यातायां मिथि-राजधान्याम्।

शब्दसागरः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

मिथिला¦ f. (-ला) A city, giving name also to a kingdom, lying north- east of Bengal, the modern Tirhut. E. मिथ् to be agitated, (ene- mies by that kingdom,) and ईलच् Un4adi aff.

Monier-Williams

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

मिथिला f. N. of a city said to have been founded by मिथिor मिथिल(it was the capital of विदेहor the modern Tirhut , and residence of King जनक) MBh. Ka1v. etc.

मिथिला f. of a school of law IW. 302 etc.

Purana index

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

--founded by Janaka-Vaideha: capital of the Videhas whose king was Janaka: here शतधन्वन् lost his horse and ran on foot afraid of कृष्ण: बलराम visited it and lived there for some time. भा. IX. १३. १३; X. ५७. २०-26; Br. III. ६४. 6; ७१. ८०; वा. ९६. ७४; ९९. ३२४.

Purana Encyclopedia

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Mithilā : f.: Name of a city.


A. Location: In the eastern Kosala country, beyond Sarayū river and near Mālā and Carmaṇvatī rivers (saṁtīrya sarayūṁ ramyāṁ dṛṣṭvā pūrvāṁś ca kosalān/atītya jagmur mithilāṁ mālāṁ carmaṇvatīm nadīm//) 2. 18. 28; the (capital) town of the Videhas (videhānāṁ purīm) 12. 308. 11; 1. 105. 11.


B. Description: Pleasing (ramyā) 3. 198. 7; 12. 308. 12; its grove (mithilopavana) was pleasing (ramya) and of luxurious growth (mahardhimant) 12. 312. 22; auspicious (śubhā) 3. 198. 6; full of fords for religious practices (dharmasetusamākīrṇā) 3. 198. 6; in which festivals of sacrifices were held (yajñotsavavatī 3. 198. 6; busy with constant festivals (nityotsavasamākulā) 3. 198. 8; full of prosperous people (samṛddhajanasaṁkulā) 12. 308. 12; full of happy and well nourished people (hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanākīrṇā) 3. 198. 8; thronged by men and women (naranārīsamākulā) 12. 312. 22; it had gates and watchtowers (gopurāṭṭālakavatī) 3. 198. 7; adorned by houses and protective walls (gṛhaprākāraśobhitā) 3. 198. 6; surrounded by many tall houses (vimānair bahubhir vṛtām) 3. 198. 7; full of market goods (paṇyaiś ca bahubhir yuktām) 3. 198. 7; its main roads were well distributed (suvibhaktamahāpathā) 3. 198. 7; having many horses, chariots, elephants and carriages (aśvai rathais tathā nāgair yānaiś ca bahubhir vṛtām) 3. 198. 8; crowded with elephants, horses and chariots (hastyaśvarathasaṁkīrṇa) 12. 312. 22-23; full of activities (bahuvṛttāntā) 3. 198. 9.


C. Its ruler: The city was ruled and protected by king Janaka (mithilāṁ janakena surakṣitām) 3. 198. 5; hence Janaka called Mithilādhipa 12. 211. 1, 3; Mithileśvara 12. 308. 8, 12; 12. 312. 6; Maithila 12. 308. 4; 12. 312. 7; also Videharāja 12. 268. 3.


D. Epic events:

(1) Pāṇḍu reached Mithilā and defeated the Videhas in a battle 1. 105. 11;

(2) Kṛṣṇa, with Bhīma and Arjuna, while on their way to the Magadha country, reached Mithilā after crossing the river Sarayū 2. 18. 28.


E. Past events:

(1) A certain Brāhmaṇī once advised the Brāhmaṇa Kauśika to go to Mithilā where lived a hunter who would teach him the nature of dharma (mithilāyāṁ vasan vyādhaḥ sa te dharmān pravakṣyati) 3. 197. 41; 3. 205. 2-3; the Brāhmaṇa decided to go to Mithilā to meet the hunter and question him on the nature of dharma 3. 198. 2-5; the Brāhmaṇa reached the town and enquired about the Vyādha who knew dharma (dharmavyādha) 3. 198. 7-9; the Vyādha already knew that the Brāhmaṇa was directed to go Mithilā by the Brāhmaṇī 3. 198. 13;

(2) King Janaka, engaged in meditating on the dharmas related to the condition after death, lived in Mithilā (janakaḥ…mithilāyāṁ janādhipaḥ/ aurdhvadehikadharmāṇām āsīd yukto vicintane//) 12. 211. 3 (But Nī. on Bom. Ed. 12. 218. 3: ūrdhvaṁ dehād ity ūrdhvadeham aśarīraṁ brahma tatprāptikarāṇām aurdhvadehikānāṁ vicintane yuktaḥ);

(3) A certain sage by name Pañcaśikha, son of Kapilā, while wandering on earth reached Mithilā 12. 211. 6;

(4) Sulabhā reached Mithilā to meet Janaka and to know from him the nature of mokṣa 12. 308. 12;

(5) Śuka proceeded to Mithilā on foot to know the nature of dharma and mokṣa 12. 312. 6-7, 12; Śuka reached the grove on the outskirts of Mithilā (mithilopavana) before entering Mithilā 12. 312. 22;

(6) Janaka told a certain Brāhmaṇa that when he got the ancestral kingdom he was not certain about his own territory; he sought it on earth, and when he did not find it there, he sought it in Mithilā; when he did not find it even there, he sought it in his subjects (pitṛpaitāmahe rājye vaśye janapade sati/ viṣayaṁ nādhigacchāmi vicinvan pṛthivīm imām//nādhyagacchaṁ yadā pṛthvyāṁ mithilā mārgitā mayā/nādhyagacchaṁ yadā tasyāṁ svaprajā mārgitā mayā) 14. 32. 89 (Nī., however, on Bom. Ed. 14. 32. 8: viṣayaṁ viśeṣeṇa sinoti badhnātīti taṁ bandhakaṁ mamatāspadaṁ nādhigacchāmi vicinvan anveṣamāṇo 'pi); concerning his own indifference to the opposīte pairs of feelings, his disattached condition, and while visulizing his liberation, Janaka is reported to have sung a gāthā in which he said that even if the whole Mithilā was ablaze, nothing belonging to Janaka was burnt (api gāthām imāṁ gītāṁ janakena vadanty uta/nirdvandvena vimuktena mokṣaṁ samanupaśyatā// anantaṁ bata me vittaṁ yasya me nāsti kiṁcana/mithilāyāṁ pradīptāyāṁ na me dahyati kiṁcana//) 12. 17. 17-18; 12. 171. 55-56; with a change in the first quarter the gāthā also appears as: gītaṁ videharājena…susukhaṁ bata jīvāmi yasya me nāsti kiṁcana/mithilāyāṁ pradīptāyāṁ… 12. 268. 3-4.


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Mahabharata Cultural Index

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Mithilā : f.: Name of a city.


A. Location: In the eastern Kosala country, beyond Sarayū river and near Mālā and Carmaṇvatī rivers (saṁtīrya sarayūṁ ramyāṁ dṛṣṭvā pūrvāṁś ca kosalān/atītya jagmur mithilāṁ mālāṁ carmaṇvatīm nadīm//) 2. 18. 28; the (capital) town of the Videhas (videhānāṁ purīm) 12. 308. 11; 1. 105. 11.


B. Description: Pleasing (ramyā) 3. 198. 7; 12. 308. 12; its grove (mithilopavana) was pleasing (ramya) and of luxurious growth (mahardhimant) 12. 312. 22; auspicious (śubhā) 3. 198. 6; full of fords for religious practices (dharmasetusamākīrṇā) 3. 198. 6; in which festivals of sacrifices were held (yajñotsavavatī 3. 198. 6; busy with constant festivals (nityotsavasamākulā) 3. 198. 8; full of prosperous people (samṛddhajanasaṁkulā) 12. 308. 12; full of happy and well nourished people (hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanākīrṇā) 3. 198. 8; thronged by men and women (naranārīsamākulā) 12. 312. 22; it had gates and watchtowers (gopurāṭṭālakavatī) 3. 198. 7; adorned by houses and protective walls (gṛhaprākāraśobhitā) 3. 198. 6; surrounded by many tall houses (vimānair bahubhir vṛtām) 3. 198. 7; full of market goods (paṇyaiś ca bahubhir yuktām) 3. 198. 7; its main roads were well distributed (suvibhaktamahāpathā) 3. 198. 7; having many horses, chariots, elephants and carriages (aśvai rathais tathā nāgair yānaiś ca bahubhir vṛtām) 3. 198. 8; crowded with elephants, horses and chariots (hastyaśvarathasaṁkīrṇa) 12. 312. 22-23; full of activities (bahuvṛttāntā) 3. 198. 9.


C. Its ruler: The city was ruled and protected by king Janaka (mithilāṁ janakena surakṣitām) 3. 198. 5; hence Janaka called Mithilādhipa 12. 211. 1, 3; Mithileśvara 12. 308. 8, 12; 12. 312. 6; Maithila 12. 308. 4; 12. 312. 7; also Videharāja 12. 268. 3.


D. Epic events:

(1) Pāṇḍu reached Mithilā and defeated the Videhas in a battle 1. 105. 11;

(2) Kṛṣṇa, with Bhīma and Arjuna, while on their way to the Magadha country, reached Mithilā after crossing the river Sarayū 2. 18. 28.


E. Past events:

(1) A certain Brāhmaṇī once advised the Brāhmaṇa Kauśika to go to Mithilā where lived a hunter who would teach him the nature of dharma (mithilāyāṁ vasan vyādhaḥ sa te dharmān pravakṣyati) 3. 197. 41; 3. 205. 2-3; the Brāhmaṇa decided to go to Mithilā to meet the hunter and question him on the nature of dharma 3. 198. 2-5; the Brāhmaṇa reached the town and enquired about the Vyādha who knew dharma (dharmavyādha) 3. 198. 7-9; the Vyādha already knew that the Brāhmaṇa was directed to go Mithilā by the Brāhmaṇī 3. 198. 13;

(2) King Janaka, engaged in meditating on the dharmas related to the condition after death, lived in Mithilā (janakaḥ…mithilāyāṁ janādhipaḥ/ aurdhvadehikadharmāṇām āsīd yukto vicintane//) 12. 211. 3 (But Nī. on Bom. Ed. 12. 218. 3: ūrdhvaṁ dehād ity ūrdhvadeham aśarīraṁ brahma tatprāptikarāṇām aurdhvadehikānāṁ vicintane yuktaḥ);

(3) A certain sage by name Pañcaśikha, son of Kapilā, while wandering on earth reached Mithilā 12. 211. 6;

(4) Sulabhā reached Mithilā to meet Janaka and to know from him the nature of mokṣa 12. 308. 12;

(5) Śuka proceeded to Mithilā on foot to know the nature of dharma and mokṣa 12. 312. 6-7, 12; Śuka reached the grove on the outskirts of Mithilā (mithilopavana) before entering Mithilā 12. 312. 22;

(6) Janaka told a certain Brāhmaṇa that when he got the ancestral kingdom he was not certain about his own territory; he sought it on earth, and when he did not find it there, he sought it in Mithilā; when he did not find it even there, he sought it in his subjects (pitṛpaitāmahe rājye vaśye janapade sati/ viṣayaṁ nādhigacchāmi vicinvan pṛthivīm imām//nādhyagacchaṁ yadā pṛthvyāṁ mithilā mārgitā mayā/nādhyagacchaṁ yadā tasyāṁ svaprajā mārgitā mayā) 14. 32. 89 (Nī., however, on Bom. Ed. 14. 32. 8: viṣayaṁ viśeṣeṇa sinoti badhnātīti taṁ bandhakaṁ mamatāspadaṁ nādhigacchāmi vicinvan anveṣamāṇo 'pi); concerning his own indifference to the opposīte pairs of feelings, his disattached condition, and while visulizing his liberation, Janaka is reported to have sung a gāthā in which he said that even if the whole Mithilā was ablaze, nothing belonging to Janaka was burnt (api gāthām imāṁ gītāṁ janakena vadanty uta/nirdvandvena vimuktena mokṣaṁ samanupaśyatā// anantaṁ bata me vittaṁ yasya me nāsti kiṁcana/mithilāyāṁ pradīptāyāṁ na me dahyati kiṁcana//) 12. 17. 17-18; 12. 171. 55-56; with a change in the first quarter the gāthā also appears as: gītaṁ videharājena…susukhaṁ bata jīvāmi yasya me nāsti kiṁcana/mithilāyāṁ pradīptāyāṁ… 12. 268. 3-4.


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