विग्रह

यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः

कल्पद्रुमः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

विग्रहः, पुं, (विविधं सुखदुःखादिकं गृह्णातीति । वि + ग्रह + अच् । यद्वा, विविधैर्दुःखादिभि- र्गृह्यते इति । वि + ग्रह + “ग्रहवृदृनिश्चि- गमश्च ।” ३ । ३ । ५८ । इति अप् ।) शरीरम् । (यथा, रघुः । ११ । १३ । “विग्रहेण मदनस्य चारुणा सोऽभवत् प्रतिनिधिर्न कर्म्मणा ॥”) युद्धम् । इत्यमरः ॥ (यथा, मनुः । ७ । १६० । “सन्धिञ्च विग्रहञ्चैव यानमासनमेव च । द्वैधीभावं संश्रयञ्च षड्गुणांश्चिन्तयेत् सदा ॥” विरोधमात्रम् । यथा, रघुः । ९ । ४७ । “त्यजत मानमलं वत विग्रहै- र्न पुनरेति गतं चतुरं वयः । परभृताभिरितीव निवेदिते स्मरमते रमते स्म बधूजनः ॥”) विभागः । इति मेदिनी । हे, २३ ॥ (यथा, भागवते । ३ । ३१ । ३ । “मासेन तु शिरो द्वाभ्यां बाह्वङ्घ्र्याद्यङ्ग- विग्रहः । नखलोमास्थिमर्म्माणि लिङ्गच्छिद्रोद्भव- स्त्रिभिः ॥”) वाक्यभेदः । स तु समासवाक्यम् । तत्पर्य्यायः । विस्तरः २ । इत्यमरः ॥ (वीनां पक्षिणां ग्रहो ग्रहणमिति वाक्ये विहङ्गग्रहणम् । यथा, वक्रोक्तिपञ्चाशिकायाम् । ४ । “नो सन्ध्या हितमत्सरा तव तनौ वत्स्याम्यहं सन्धिना न प्रीतासि वरोरु चेत्कथय तत् प्रस्तौमि किं विग्रहम् । कार्य्यं तेन न किञ्चिदस्ति शठ मे वीनां ग्रहे- णेति वो दिश्याद्वः प्रतिबद्धकेलिशिवयोः श्रेयांसि वक्रोक्तयः ॥”) देवविग्रहकरणादिप्रमाणं श्रीमूर्त्तिशब्दे द्रष्टव्यम् ॥

विग्रहः, पुं, क्ली, (विगृह्यन्ते शत्रवो यस्मिन् । वि + ग्रह + अप् ।) युद्धम् । इत्यमरः ॥ (यथा, मनुः । ७ । १७० । “यदा प्रहृष्टा मन्येत सर्व्वास्ताः प्रकृतीर्भृशम् । अत्युच्छ्रितं तथात्मानं तदा कुर्व्वीत विग्रहम् ॥”)

अमरकोशः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

विग्रह पुं।

देहः

समानार्थक:कलेवर,गात्र,वपुस्,संहनन,शरीर,वर्ष्मन्,विग्रह,काय,देह,मूर्ति,तनु,तनू,करण,उत्सेध,भूतात्मन्,आत्मन्,धामन्,क्षेत्र,अजिर

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अङ्गं प्रतीकोऽवयवोऽपघनोऽथ कलेवरम्. गात्रं वपुः संहननं शरीरं वर्ष्म विग्रहः॥

अवयव : चक्षुरादीन्द्रियम्,पाय्वादीन्द्रियम्,गर्भवेष्टनचर्मः,शुक्लशोणितसम्पातः,कुक्षिस्थगर्भः,कृष्णवर्णदेहगतचिह्नः,देहस्थतिलचिह्नः,रेतस्,पित्तम्,कफः,चर्मः,मांसम्,रक्तम्,हृदयान्तर्गतमांसम्,हृदयकमलम्,शुद्धमांसस्नेहः,धमनिः,उदर्यजलाशयः,मस्तकभवस्नेहः,मलम्,अन्त्रम्,कुक्षिवामपार्श्वेमांसपिण्डः,स्नायुः,कुक्षेर्दक्षिणभागस्थमांसखण्डः,शिरोस्थिखण्डः,अस्थिः,शरीरगतास्थिपञ्चरः,पृष्ठमध्यगतास्थिदण्डः,मस्तकास्थिः,पार्श्वास्थिः,देहावयवः,चरणः,जानूपरिभागः,ऊरुसन्धिः,पुरीषनिर्गममार्गः,नाभ्यधोभागः,कटीफलकः,कटिः,स्त्रीकट्याः_पश्चाद्भागः,स्त्रीकट्याः_अग्रभागः,भगशिश्नः,स्त्रीयोनिः,पुरुषलिङ्गः,अण्डकोशः,पृष्ठवंशाधोभागः,जठरम्,वक्षोजः,स्तनाग्रः,अङ्कः,उरस्,देहपश्चाद्भागः,भुजशिरः,अंसकक्षसन्धिः,कक्षः,कक्षयोरधोभगः,देहमध्यः,भुजः,स्वे_स्वे_पार्श्वे_प्रसारितबाहुमध्यम्,वदनम्,नेत्रप्रान्तः,कर्णः,शिरः,रोमः,ललाटास्थिः

पदार्थ-विभागः : , द्रव्यम्, पृथ्वी, अचलनिर्जीवः, अचलनिर्जीववस्तु

विग्रह पुं।

राज्यगुणः

समानार्थक:सन्धि,विग्रह,यान,आसन,द्वैध,आश्रय

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राज्याङ्गानि प्रकृतयः पौराणां श्रेणयोऽपि च। सन्धिर्ना विग्रहो यानमासनं द्वैधमाश्रयः॥

वैशिष्ट्य : राजा

पदार्थ-विभागः : , गुणः

विग्रह पुं।

युद्धम्

समानार्थक:युद्ध,आयोधन,जन्य,प्रधन,प्रविदारण,मृध,आस्कन्दन,सङ्ख्य,समीक,साम्परायिक,समर,अनीक,रण,कलह,विग्रह,सम्प्रहार,अभिसम्पात,कलि,संस्फोट,संयुग,अभ्यामर्द,समाघात,सङ्ग्राम,अभ्यागम,आहव,समुदाय,संयत्,समिति,आजि,समित्,युध्,आनर्त,संविद्,सम्पराय,सङ्गर,हिलि,द्वन्द्व

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मृधमास्कन्दनं संख्यं समीकं सांपरायिकम्. अस्त्रियां समरानीकरणाः कलहविग्रहौ ॥

अवयव : युद्धारम्भे_अन्ते_वा_पानकर्मः,रणव्याकुलता,हस्तिसङ्घः,छलादाक्रमणम्,विजयः,वैरशोधनम्,पलायनम्,पराजयः,निर्जितः,निलीनः,मारणम्

वृत्तिवान् : रथारूढयोद्धा,योद्धा

 : बाहुयुद्धम्, दारुणरणम्, पश्वहिपक्षिनाम्युद्धम्

पदार्थ-विभागः : , क्रिया

विग्रह पुं।

विस्तारः

समानार्थक:परिणाह,विशालता,विस्तार,विग्रह,व्यास

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विस्तारो विग्रहो व्यासः स च शब्दस्य विस्तरः। संवाहनं मर्दनं स्याद्विनाशः स्याददर्शनम्.।

पदार्थ-विभागः : , गुणः, परिमाणः

वाचस्पत्यम्

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

विग्रह¦ पु॰ वि + ग्रह--अच्।

१ देहे,

२ विस्तारे,

३ युद्धे पुंन॰अमरः।

४ समासादिवृत्तिसमानानार्थकवाक्यभेदे,

५ विशेष-ज्ञाने च
“अविग्रहा गतादिस्था यथा ग्रामादिकर्मभिः” हरि॰।

शब्दसागरः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

विग्रह¦ m. (-हः)
1. The body.
2. Extension, expansion, diffusion.
3. A portion, a part.
4. Shape, form, figure.
5. (A grammatical term,) The proper application or sene of a compound word, resolution, analysis, separation. mn. (-हः-हं)
1. War, battle, hostility, (consi- dered as one of the six modes of foreign policy.)
2. Quarrel.
3. Dis- favour.
4. Opposition, encounter. E. वि various, (happiness, &c.) ग्रह् to take, aff. अच् |

Apte

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

विग्रहः [vigrahḥ], 1 Stretching out, extension, expansion.

Form, figure, shape; यथा लोहस्य निःस्यन्दो निषिक्तो बिम्ब- विग्रहम् Mb.14.18.9.

The body; त्रयी विग्रहवत्येव सम- मध्यात्मविद्यया M.1.14; गूढविग्रहः R.3.39;9.52; Ki.4.11; 12.43.

Resolution, dissolution, analysis, separation (as of a compound word into its component parts); वृत्त्यर्थ- (समासार्थ) -बोधकं वाक्यं विग्रहः.

Quarrel, strife (often, love-quarrel or प्रणयकलह); विग्रहाच्च शयने पराङ्मुखीर्नानुनेतु- मवलाः स तत्वरे R.19.38;9.47; Śi.11.35; शत्रौ मित्रे पुत्रे बन्धौ मा कुरु यत्नं विग्रहसन्धौ Śaṁkarāchārya.

War, hostilities, fighting, battle (opp. संधि); उग्राय विग्रहायास्मै त्वया प्रेषयता ह्यमुम् Śiva B.17.35; one of the six Guṇas or modes of policy; Ms.7.16; see गुण.

Disfavour; अनुग्रहं विग्रहं वा मन्यसे तद्विधेहि नः Bhāg.1.16.59.

A part, portion, division; परिमाणं च कालस्य कल्पलक्षणविग्रहम्.-Comp. -अवरम् the back. -इच्छु a. eager for combat.-ग्रहणम् the assumption of a form.

Monier-Williams

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

विग्रह/ वि--ग्रह mfn. (for 2. See. वि-ग्रह्)freed from " the Seizer " i.e. राहु(said of the moon) R.

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. (for 1. See. p.950. col. 2)keeping apart or asunder , isolation Nir. BhP.

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. division , Bh.

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. distribution ( esp. of fluids See. वि-ग्रह्) Ka1tyS3r.

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. (in gram.) independence (of a word , as opp. to composition) APra1t.

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. separation , resolution , analysis , resolution of a compound word into its constituent parts , the separation or analysis of any word capable of separation (such words are कृदन्तs , तद्धितs , all समासs or compound words , एकशेषs , and all derivative verbs like desideratives etc. ; the only words incapable of resolution being the simple verb , the singular of the noun , and a few indeclinables not derived from roots ; all compounds being called नित्यor " fixed " , when their meaning cannot be ascertained through an analysis of their component parts ; See. जमद्-अग्नि) Pa1n2. Sch. S3am2k. etc.

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. discord , quarrel , contest , strife , war with( instr. with or without सह, सा-र्धम्or साकम्loc. gen. with उपरि, or comp. ) Mn. MBh. etc.

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. (one of the 6 गुणs or measures of policy Mn. vii , 160 [See. under गुण] , also applied to the conflict of hostile planets , in this sense also n. Su1ryas. R. ; acc. with कृ, to make or wage war)

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. separate i.e. individual form or shape , form , figure , the body Up. MBh. etc. (also applied to the shape of a rainbow ; acc. with ग्रह्, परि-ग्रह्, कृ, उपा--दा, to assume a form)

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. an ornament , decoration MBh. R.

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. (in सांख्य) an element

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. N. of शिवMBh.

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. of one of स्कन्द's attendants ib.

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. of a poet Cat.

विग्रह/ वि-ग्रह m. having a handsome form or shape , fine , beautiful MW.

Purana Encyclopedia

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

VIGRAHA I : One of the two attendants given to Subrahmaṇya by the ocean. The other one was Saṅ- graha. (M.B. Śalya Parva, Chapter 45, Stanza 50).


_______________________________
*12th word in right half of page 851 (+offset) in original book.

VIGRAHA II : One of the six attributes of Kings. (See under Ṣaḍguṇa).


_______________________________
*13th word in right half of page 851 (+offset) in original book.

VIGRAHA III : (Image).

1) General information. God, who is not discernible to the outward senses, is given embodiment and consecrat- ed in places of worship by people. These figures are called Vigrahas (idols or images). People worship Śālagrāma, (a kind of ammonite found in the river Gaṇḍakī), Bāṇaliṅga (Phallus), mystical diagrams, animals, birds, trees, rivers, lakes, places of death etc. and so many other things.

2) The different kinds of Vigrahas. Vigrahas are of three groups. They are:-(1) Mysterious (2) Evident-mysteri- ous (3) Evident. Śālagrāma, Phallus etc. belong to the group mysterious. The Mukhaliṅga, considered to be the image of Trimūrti (Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Śiva) in the Elephanta cave, belongs to the group Evident. The image of Phallus is Evident-mysterious. In the first, there is no form or figure. In the second there are parts of the figure. The image which shows the entire figure is Evident.

Some gods and goddesses possess two appearances, peaceful and fierce. Those who wish to succeed in performing cruel deeds and to vanquish enemies, wor- ship fierce gods whereas those who wish for peace, worship peaceful Gods. Viśvarūpa, (assuming all shapes), Narasiṁha (the man-lion), Vaṭapatraśāyī (as lying on banyan-leaf) and Paraśurāma are fierce forms of Viṣṇu. Destroying Kāma (cupid) Gaja and Tripura are fierce forms of Śiva worshipped by some people. Generally temples with images in this form are erected outside the village or city.

Owing to the differences, in the making and the mater- ials used, the images are divided into three groups. They are portraits, Half-portraits and corrupted portraits. The whole of the figure will be made in (portraits) citras. In half-citras only the front view will be completed. Corrupted Citras are images done on the wall or rock.

3) Main images. Main images are mostly Śaivite or Vaiṣṇavite. There will be one or two other images. Worship of Devī (Goddess) is one of them. The Śaivi- tes will worship Pārvatī also after Śiva and the Vaiṣṇa- vites Mahālakṣmī also after Viṣṇu In South India the worshippers are Śaivites and Vaiṣṇavites.

4) Śaivites. In India a large number of people worship Śiva. There is not much difference in the mode of wor- ship of these various people. There are worships which are in accordance with the Vedas and which are not. Forms of worship which are Sāttvika (of goodness) and which are not, could be seen. The Śaiva worship called Paraśupada is very ancient. The phallus at Guḍimalla is considered to be as old as B.C. 2nd century. From this it could be inferred how old, the Śaivite worship is in India.

5) The Śaivite images. Of the emblems denoting Śiva, the most important is the Phallus, which is of two kinds, movable and immovable. Risen by itself and or erected and set firm and consecrated inside temples are immov- able; that which is made of earth, metal, jewel, wood or stone, is movable. There are Phalluses made for the time being. They are fixed on platforms or pedestals. They are of different sizes and shapes. The Phallus is made of male stone and the pedestal of female stone.

6) The portions of Śiva. There are various kinds of images meant to reveal various attributes of Śiva. Liṅgodbhava (originated from Phallus), Candraśekhara, Raudra, Umāsaṁhita (with Umā) etc. are some of them. Kāmā- ntaka (killing Kāma or Cupid), Gajāri (enemy of Gaja), Kālāri (Enemy of Yama) and Tripuradāhaka (burn- ing Tripura) are figures of extermination. Śiva has the figures of blessing Caṇḍeśa, Viṣṇu, Nandīśvara, Vighneśa and Arjuna also. There are a large number of images in various dancing poses.

There are four other figures of Dakṣiṇāmūrti, such as the explanation, knowledge, yoga (or meditation, contem- plation and other ways of union with the Universal Soul) and Vīṇādhara (carrying a lute). A few other forms are Bhikṣāṭaka (begging alms), Kapāladhārī (wearing skulls), Gaṅgādhara (bearing the Gaṅges), Ardhanārīśvara (God half of whom is a woman), Vṛṣabhavāhana (seated on a bull), Viṣabhakṣaka (eat- ing poison) etc. The figures of Sadāśiva, Maheśa, Ekādaśarudras (eleven Rudras), Vidyeśvara and Mūrt- yaṣṭaka are seen occasionally here and there. There are scriptures describing these figures.

7) The Devas (gods) connected with Śiva. Among the gods connected with Śiva, first place is given to Gaṇapati. Worship of Gaṇapati was in vogue from 6th or 7th century B.C. Perhaps the images that we see today were made after this period.

In South India temples dedicated to Gaṇapati are not scarce. The position of Gaṇapati is at the entrance of villages and fortresses, at the foot of banyan trees, at the entrance of temples and at the south-west corner of Śaivite temples.

There are images of Gaṇapati in the postures of stand- ing and dancing. Main images are those with the trunk turned to the right and to the left. The trunk is turned to the right in some and to the left in others.

8) Subrahmaṇya. Subrahmaṇya is worshipped only in South India. Subrahmaṇya is known by various names such as Kumāra, Muruka, Kārttikeya, Skanda, Ārumu- kha, Guha, and so on. Temples dedicated to Subrah- maṇya are seen in plenty in Tamil Nadu. They are all situated on the tops of hills.

There is sufficient proof in the poetic works of the Saṅgha period, to the fact that Subrahmaṇya-worship was prevalent in South India. On excavation at the place Nāgārjunakoṇḍa in the District of Guntur, images of Subrahmaṇya were found under the earth. They were as old as 3rd century B.C.

Images of Subrahmaṇya are seen in various postures and shapes such as sitting, with six faces, with one face, with two hands, with four hands, sometimes with wife, in the state of having finished investiture with the Brahma-string etc. There are figures sitting on the pea- cock also.

9) Other images. Images of Śakti, Lakṣmī, Earth-goddess, Sarasvatī, Saptamātṛs (Seven Mothers), Jyeṣṭhā, Viṣṇu, the ten incarnations, the planets such as the sun etc. the deities of the weapon like the thunderbolt, Śakti (lance), Nandikeśvara, Caṇḍeśvara, Śāstā, Kṣetrapāla, Brahmā, Guardians of the zones, Aśvinīdevas, half gods, etc. are also dedicated and worshipped in temples.


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*14th word in right half of page 851 (+offset) in original book.