हयग्रीव

यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः

कल्पद्रुमः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

हयग्रीवः, पुं, (हयस्य ग्रीवा इव ग्रीवा यस्य ।) मधुकटभहृतवेदोद्धारार्थं विष्णारवतारविशेषः । तस्य रूपं यथा, -- “सुनासिकेन कायेन भूत्वा चन्द्रप्रभस्तदा । कृत्वा हयशिरः शुभ्रं वेदानामालयं प्रभुः ॥ तस्य मूर्द्धा समभवत् द्यौः सनक्षत्रतारका । केशाश्चास्याभवद्दीर्घा रवेरंशुसमप्रभाः ॥ कर्णावाकाशपाताले ललाटं भूतधारिणी । गङ्गा सरस्वती श्रोण्यौ भ्रुवावास्तां महोदधी ॥ चक्षुषी सोमसूर्य्यौ ते नासा सन्ध्या पुनः स्मृता । प्रणवस्त्वथ संस्कारो विद्युज्जिह्वा च निर्म्मिता ॥ दन्ताश्च पितरो राजन् सोमपा इति विश्रुताः । गोलोको ब्रह्मलोकश्च ओष्ठावास्तां महात्मनः ॥ ग्रीवा चास्याभवद्राजन् कालरात्रिर्गुणोत्तरा । एतद्धयशिरः कृत्वा नानामूर्त्तिभिरावृतम् ॥” इति महाभारतम् ॥ * ॥ (हवग्रीवदैत्यवधार्थमेव भगवान् हयग्रीवमूर्त्ति- रभवत् । इति देवीभागवतमतम् ॥ अस्य विवरणन्तु तत्रैव १ स्कन्धे ५ अध्याये द्रष्टव्यम् ।) विष्णुवध्यदैत्यविशेषः । इति हेमचन्द्रः ॥ स च कल्पान्ते ब्रह्माणि प्रसुप्ते वेदं हृतवान् । तद्वेदो- द्धारणार्थं विष्णुना मत्स्यावतारेण स हतः । इति केचित् ॥ * ॥ आप च । “वृद्धगङ्गाजलस्यान्तन्तीरे ब्रह्मसुतस्य च । विश्वनाथाह्वयो देवः शिवलिङ्गममन्वितः । विश्वदेवी महादेवी योनिमण्डलरूपिणी ॥ हयग्रीवेण युयुधे तत्र देवो जगत्पतिः । हयग्रीवं यत्र हत्वा मणिकूटं तथागमत् ॥” इति कालिकापुराणे ८२ अध्यायः ॥

वाचस्पत्यम्

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

हयग्रीव¦ पु॰ हयस्येव दीथां ग्रीवाऽस्य।

१ विष्णरवतारभदे

२ दैत्यभेदे च
“हयग्रीवेण युयुधे तत्र देवो जगत्पतिः। हयग्रीवं यत्र हत्वा मणिकूटं तथागम हं कालिपु॰

८२ अ॰।

३ दुर्गायां स्त्री तन्मूर्त्तिलक्षणं अश्वाशरम्शब्दे

५१

४ पृ॰ दृश्यम्।

४ राजार्षभेदे
“यद्वृत्तं पूर्वराजर्षेर्हयग्रीवस्य पाण्डव!” भा॰ शा॰

२४ अ॰।

शब्दसागरः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

हयग्रीव¦ m. (-वः) A prince of the Daityas, who during BRAHMA'S sleep at the end of a KALPA stole the Ve4das; in the recovery of them, he was slain by VISHN4U, after his descent as the MATSYA or fish Avata4r. E. हय a horse, and ग्रीवा neck.

Monier-Williams

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

हयग्रीव/ हय--ग्रीव m. " horse-necked " , N. of a form of विष्णु(manifested accord. to one legend , in order to recover the वेदcarried off by two दैत्यs called मधुand कैटभ) Pan5car.

हयग्रीव/ हय--ग्रीव m. of a दैत्य(also called ब्रह्म-वेद-प्रहर्तृ, as having carried off the वेदs at the dissolution of the universe caused by ब्रह्म's sleep at the end of the past कल्प; in order to recover them , विष्णुbecame incarnate as a मत्स्यor fish , and slew हय-ग्रीव) Hariv. Katha1s. etc.

हयग्रीव/ हय--ग्रीव m. of a राक्षसR.

हयग्रीव/ हय--ग्रीव m. of a तन्त्रdeity Buddh.

हयग्रीव/ हय--ग्रीव m. of a राजर्षिMBh.

हयग्रीव/ हय--ग्रीव m. of a wicked king of the विदेहs MBh.

हयग्रीव/ हय--ग्रीव m. of a मुनिCat.

हयग्रीव/ हय--ग्रीव m. of the supposed author of the छान्दोग्यउपनिषद्and various other writers etc. ib.

Purana index

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

(I)--(हयशीर्ष)--a manifestation of Hari worshipped as such by भद्रश्रवस्: Half-man and half- horse: got back to ब्रह्मा the Vedas seized by Asura Madhu of रसातल; फलकम्:F1:  भा. V. १८. 1-6; XI. 4. १७.फलकम्:/F the form of विष्णु who appeared before Agastya [page३-742+ ३०] at कान्ची, having शन्ख, Cakra, अक्षवलय, and Pustaka (book) in his hand; फलकम्:F2:  Br. IV. 5. 9, ३५-40.फलकम्:/F resides in Sutalam. फलकम्:F3:  Ib. II. २०. २१; वा. ५०. २०.फलकम्:/F

(II)--a son of Danu: followed वृत्र in his battles with Indra: a follower of Bali. ^1 भा. VI. 6. ३०; १०. १९; VII. 2. 4; VIII. १०. २१; वा. ६८. १०.

(III)--the demon who carried off the Vedas during the pralaya: killed by Matsya Hari who recovered them. भा. VIII. २४. 8 and ५७.

(IV)--a दानव in the तारकामय. M. १७३. १५; १७७. 6.

(V)--an Asura killed by कृष्ण in प्राग्ज्योतिष. Vi. V. २९. १९.

Purana Encyclopedia

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

HAYAGRĪVA I : An Asura, the son of Kaśyapaprajāpati by his wife Danu. (Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa, Araṇyakāṇḍa, Canto 14).

As a child the Asura began tapas on the banks of river Sarasvatī, and after a thousand years Devī appeared and asked him to choose any boon he wanted, and he wanted to become invincible by Devas and Asuras, and also deathless. When Devī told him that such a boon was out of question, he wanted the boon that he (Hayagrīva) should not be killed by anyone but by a Hayagrīva (one with the horse's neck). Devī granted him the boon.

Hayagrīva, who became haughty and overconfident on receiving such a boon, went about the three worlds troubling good people, and at last he clashed with the Devas. As he could be killed only by one with the head of a horse the combined attack of Mahāviṣṇu and the Devas did not succeed in defeating him and Mahā- viṣṇu decided to rest for some time to recoup himself from weariness. During his rest his head was hit by the end of his own bow and the head was severed from the trunk. Mahāviṣṇu replaced the head thus lost with that of a horse and killed Hayagrīva in fight. (For details see Cital).


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HAYAGRĪVA II : An asura who guarded the kingdom of Narakāsura. He was killed by Śrī Kṛṣṇa, (Udyoga Parva, Chapter 130 Verse 50).


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HAYAGRĪVA III : A King born in the Videha dy- nasty. (Udyoga Parva, Chapter 74, Verse 15).


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HAYAGRĪVA IV : A saintly king. Though he defeat- ed his enemies, yet, as he had no backing and support, he was finally killed. The story of Hayagrīva was told by Vyāsa to teach Dharmaputra the lesson that even the greatest of heroes requires the support of others. Though killed, Hayagrīva secured a place in heaven. (Śānti Parva, Chapter 24, Verse 23).


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HAYAGRĪVA V : An incarnation of Viṣṇu.

1) In Vedic literature: --In Vedic literature incarnation as Hayagrīva is attributed not to Viṣṇu, but to Yajña. But the Taittirīya āraṇyaka depicts yajña as a proto- form of Viṣṇu. The inference that may be drawn from the above is that the root of the Hayagrīva story detailed in Vedic and Purāṇic literature is one and the same.

About the Hayagrīva incarnation the Pañcaviṁsa- brāhmaṇa contains the following story.

Agni, Indra, Vāyu and Yajña (Viṣṇu) once began a yajña on the understanding that the havirbhāga obtained from it should be divided among all the Devas. But, in violation of the agreement, yajña left the place carrying away the whole Yajñabhāga with him, and he drove back the Devas who followed him with the help of the bow presented to him by Devī. Finally the Devas got the string of the bow bitten off by termites and the bow which got straightened up cut off yajña's head. Yajña then apologized for his offence and then the devas got the Aśvinīdevas to fix the head of a horse to the trunk of Yajña. (Pañca- viṁśabrāhmaṇa 7, 5, 6; Taittirīya āraṇyaka 5, 1; Taittirīya Saṁhitā, 4-9, 1).

2) In Purāṇic literature. The above story is told in Skanda Purāṇa with slight modifications as follows:-

Once Brahmā and other Devatās conducted a test as to which one amongst them was the greatest, and when it became evident tha tMahāviṣṇu was, in every respect, superior to all the others Brahmā cursed that Viṣṇu should lose his head. Viṣṇu, who got thus bereft of his head attended a yajña conducted by the Devas with the head of a horse attached to his trunk. After the yajña was over he went to dharmāraṇya and did tapas there and by the blessings of Śiva got back his former head instead of that of the horse.


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