म्लेच्छ

यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः

कल्पद्रुमः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

म्लेच्छ, कि देश्योक्तौ । इति कविकल्पद्रुमः ॥ (चुरा०- वा भ्वा०-पर०-अक०-सक० च-सेट् ।) देश्या ग्राम्या उक्तिर्देश्योक्तिरसंस्कृतकथनमित्यर्थः । कि, म्लेच्छयति म्लेच्छति मूढः । अन्तर्विद्यामसौ विद्बान्न म्लेच्छति धृतव्रत इति हलायुधः ॥ अनेकार्थत्वादव्यक्तशब्देऽपि । तथा चामरः । अथ म्लिष्टमविस्पष्टमिति । म्लेच्छ व्यक्तायां वाचि इति प्राञ्चः । तत्र रमानाथस्तु । म्लेच्छति वटु- र्व्यक्तं वदतीत्यर्थः । अव्यक्तायामिति पाठे कुत्- सितायां वाचीत्यर्थः । ‘तत्सादृश्यमभावश्च तदन्यत्वं तदल्पता । अप्राशस्त्यं विरोधश्च नञर्थाः षट् प्रकीर्त्तिताः ॥’ इति भाष्यवचनेन नञोऽप्राशस्त्यार्थत्वात् इति व्याख्यानाय हलायुधोक्तमुदाहृतवान् । इति दुर्गादासः ॥

म्लेच्छम्, क्ली, (म्लेच्छस्तद्देशः उत्पत्तिस्थानत्वेना- स्त्यस्य । अर्शआद्यच् ।) हिङ्गुलम् । इति राजनिर्घण्टः ॥ (तथास्य पर्य्यायः । “हिङ्गुलन्दरदं म्लेच्छमिङ्गुलञ्चूर्णपारदम् ॥” इति भावप्रकाशस्य पूर्ब्बखण्डे प्रथमे भागे ॥)

म्लेच्छः, पुं, (म्लेच्छयति वा म्लेच्छति असंस्कृतं वदतीति । म्लेच्छ् + अच् ।) किरातशवरपुलि- न्दादिजातिः । इत्यमरः ॥ पामरमेदः । पाप- रक्तः । अपभाषणम् । इति मेदिनी । छे, ६ ॥ म्लेच्छादीनां सर्व्वधर्म्मराहित्यमुक्तं यथा, हरि- वंशे । १४ । १५ -- १९ । “सगरः स्वां प्रतिज्ञाञ्च गुरोर्व्वाक्यं निशम्य च । धर्म्मं जघान तेषां वै वेशान्यत्वं चकार ह ॥ अर्द्धं शकानां शिरसो मुण्डयित्वा व्यसर्जयत् । जवनानां शिरः सर्व्वं काम्बोजानान्तथैव च ॥ पारदा मुक्तकेशाश्च पह्नवाः श्मश्रुधारिणः । निःस्वाध्यायवषट्काराः कृतास्तेन महात्मना ॥ शका जवनकाम्बोजाः पारदाः पह्नवास्तथा । कोलसप्याः समहिषा दार्व्वाश्चोलाः सकेरलाः । सर्व्वे ते क्षत्त्रियास्तात धर्म्मस्तेषां निराकृतः ॥ वशिष्ठवचनाद्राजन् सगरेण महात्मना ॥” शकानां शकदेशोद्भवानां क्षत्त्रियाणाम् । एवं जवनादीनामिति । अत्र जवनशब्दस्तद्देशोद्भव- वाची चवर्गतृतीयादिः । जवनो देशवेगिनो- रिति त्रिकाण्डशेषाभिधानदर्शनात् ॥ * ॥ तेषां म्लेच्छत्वमप्युक्तं विष्णुपुराणे । तथाकृतान् जवना- दीनुपक्रम्य ते चात्मधर्म्मपरित्यागात् म्लेच्छत्वं ययुरिति । बौधायनः । “गोमांसखादको यश्च विरुद्धं बहु भाषते । सर्व्वाचारविहीनश्च म्लेच्छ इत्यभिधीयते ॥” इति प्रायश्चित्ततत्त्वम् ॥ * ॥ अपिच । देवयान्यां ययातेर्द्वौ पुत्त्रौ यदुः तुर्चसुश्च । तस्य मध्यमा तामसी गतिर्यथा, मानवे । १२ । ४३ । “हस्तिनश्च तुरङ्गाश्च शूद्रा म्लेच्छाश्च गर्हिताः । सिंहा व्याघ्रा वराहाश्च मध्यमा तामसी गतिः ॥” (मन्त्रणाकाले म्लेच्छापसारणमुक्तं यथा, मनु- संहितायाम् । ७ । १४९ । “जडमूकान्धवधिरांस्तैर्य्यग्योनान् वयोऽति- गान् । स्त्रीम्लेच्छव्याधितव्यङ्गान् मन्त्रकालेऽपसार- येत् ॥” “अथवा एवंविधा मन्त्रिणो न कर्त्तव्याः । बुद्धि- विभ्रमसम्भवात् ।” इति तद्भाष्ये मेधातिथिः ॥ म्लेच्छानां पशुधर्म्मित्वम् । यथा, महाभारते । १ । ८४ । १५ । “गुरुदारप्रसक्तेषु तिर्य्यग्योनिगतेषु च । पशुधर्म्मिषु पापेषु म्लेच्छेषु त्वं भविष्यसि ॥”)

वाचस्पत्यम्

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

म्लेच्छ¦ अपशब्दे वा चु॰ उभ॰ पक्षे भ्वा॰ पर॰ अक॰सेट्। म्लेच्छयति ते म्लेच्छति अमम्लेच्छत् त अम्लेच्छीत्

म्लेच्छ¦ पु॰ म्लेच्छ--घञ्।

१ अपशब्दे
“म्लेच्छोह वा नामयदप्रशब्द” इति श्रुतिः। कर्त्तरि अच्।

२ पामरजातौ,

३ नीचजातौ च पुंस्त्री॰ स्त्रियां ङीष्
“गोमांसखादकोयस्तु विरुद्धं बहु भाषते। सर्चाचारविहीनश्च म्लेच्छइत्यभिधीयते” बौधायनः।

४ पापरते त्रि॰ मेदि॰।

५ हिङ्गुले न॰ राजनि॰।

शब्दसागरः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

म्लेच्छ¦ m. (-च्छः)
1. The generic term for a barbarian or foreigner; that is, for one speaking any language but Sanskrit, and not subject to the usual Hindu institutions.
2. A sinner, a criminal.
3. Indis- tinct or barbarous speech. E. म्लेच्छ् to speak inarticulately, aff. घञ् |

Apte

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

म्लेच्छः [mlēcchḥ], [म्लेच्छ्-घञ्]

A barbarian, a non-Āryan (one not speaking the Sanskṛit language, or not conforming to Hindu or Āryan institutions), a foreigner in general; ग्राह्या म्लेच्छप्रसिद्धिस्तु विरोधादर्शने सति J. N. V.; म्लेच्छान् मूर्छयते; or म्लेच्छनिवहनिधने कलयसि करवालम् Gīt.1.

An outcast, a very low man; (Baudhāyana thus defines the word: गोमांसखादको यस्तु विरुद्धं बहु भाषते । सर्वा- चारविहीनश्च म्लेच्छ इत्यभिधीयते ॥).

A sinner, wicked person.

Foreign or barbarous speech.

च्छम् Copper.

Vermilion. -Comp. -आख्यम् copper.-आशः wheat. -आस्यम्, -मुखम् copper. -कन्दः garlic.-जातिः f. a savage or barbarian race, a mountaineer; पुलिन्दा नाहला निष्ट्याः शबरा वरुटा भटाः । माला भिल्लाः किराताश्च सर्वे$पि म्लेच्छजातयः ॥ Abh. Chin.934. -देशः, -मण्डलम् a country inhabited by non-Āryans or barbarians, a foreign or barbarous country; कृष्णसारस्तु चरति मृगो यत्र स्वभावतः । स ज्ञेयो यज्ञियो देशो म्लेच्छदेशस्त्वतः परः ॥ Ms.2.23.-द्विष्टः bdellium. -भाषा a foreign language. -भोजनः wheat. (-नम्) barley. -वाच् a. speaking a barbarous or foreign language; म्लेच्छवाचश्चार्यवाचः सर्वे ते दस्यवः स्मृताः Ms.1.45.

Monier-Williams

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

म्लेच्छ m. a foreigner , barbarian , non-Aryan , man of an outcast race , any person who does not speak Sanskrit and does not conform to the usual Hindu institutions S3Br. etc. ( f( ई). )

म्लेच्छ m. a person who lives by agriculture or by making weapons L.

म्लेच्छ m. a wicked or bad man , sinner L.

म्लेच्छ m. ignorance of Sanskrit , barbarism Nya1yam. Sch.

म्लेच्छ n. copper L.

म्लेच्छ n. vermilion L.

Purana Encyclopedia

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Mleccha  : m. (pl.): General characterization of peoples who are distinguished from those who are designated as Āryas.


A. The following peoples are specifically designated as mlecchas: Aṅgas 7. 25. 17; 7. 68. 31; 8. 17. 2, 14-16, 17-18; Āndharas 3. 186. 29-30; Ābhīras 3. 186. 2930; 16. 8. 45; Utkalas 8. 17. 20; Aurṇakas 3. 186. 29-30; Kāmbojas 3. 186. 29-30; 6. 10. 64; Kāliṅgas 8. 17. 20; Kośalas 8. 17. 3; Tāmraliptakas 8. 17. 2, 20; Daśārṇas 8. 17. 3; Dasyus of Pañcanada 16. 8. 43-44, 47, 58, 60; Niṣadhas 8. 17. 3, 20; Puṇḍras 8. 17. 3, 13; Pulindas 3. 186. 29; Madras 8. 17. 3; 8. 27. 91; Māgadhas 8. 17. 2; Mekalas 8. 17. 3, 20; Yavanas 3. 186. 29; 6. 10. 64; 8. 59. 12: Vaṅgas 8. 17. 2, 11; Śakas 3. 186. 29-30; Śūdras 3. 186. 29-30; Sindhusauvīras 8. 27. 91.


B. Location: They, along with Āryas, inhabit the Bhāratavarṣa and drink the waters of Gaṅgā, Sindhu and Sarasvatī (6. 10. 12); in the north they are listed by Saṁjaya among the northern tribes of Bhāratavarṣa (uttarāś cāpare mlecchā janā …//…mlecchajātayaḥ/) 6. 10. 63, 64, 5; in the north (udīcyāṁ diśi yad vṛttaṁ mleccheṣu) 12. 162. 28; on the foot-hills of Himavant: Pāṇḍavas saw them on their way to Gandhamādana (deśān mlecchagaṇākīrṇān…dadṛśur giripādāṁś ca) 3. 145. 12; they lived also in the inaccessible places of the Himavant mountain (himavaddurgavāsinām) 7. 87. 37; some lived on the Vindhya mountain as well (vindhyanilayā mlecchāḥ) 12. 59. 103; in forests in general (vanaṁ…mlecchataskaraniṣevitam) 3. 61. 2; located also in east and south (prācyāś ca dākṣiṇātyāś ca; te mlecchaiḥ preṣitā nāgāḥ) 8. 17. 2, 9; near the oceans: they lived by the gulf of the western ocean (reference to Nakula's expedition to the west 2. 29. 2) (sāgarakukṣisthān mlecchān) 2. 29. 15; along the eastern ocean (sāgarānūpavāsibhiḥ) -here they are mentioned along with Bhagadatta of the east 2. 31. 9-10; 2. 47. 12; along the ocean in general (sāgarānūpagāṁś caiva) 3. 48. 19; (sāgarānūpavāsinaḥ) 8. 51. 19; samudravāsinaḥ) 1. 202. 8; on the islands of the eastern ocean (reference to Bhīma's expedition to the east 2. 26. 1) (mlecchanṛpatīn sāgaradvīpavāsinaḥ) 2. 27. 25, 23; on the islands of the southern ocean (reference to Sahadeva's expedition to the south 2. 28. 1) (sāgaradvīpavāsāṁś ca nṛpatīn mlecchayonijān) 2. 28. 44; along the seacoast in Vaṅga, Puṇḍra and Kerala (see epic event No. 15); they did not exist in the Varṣas of the dvīpas of Uttara Kuru (na teṣu dasyavaḥ santi mlecchajātyo'pi vā…) 6. 13. 15, 1.


C. Different Origins:

(1) In the bygone days, the sages churned the right thigh of king Vena whom they had killed; from it arose a dwarfish person (hrasvāṅgaḥ); him, the sages said ‘sit down’ (niṣīda); from him were born Niṣādas and other Mlecchas in hundreds and thousands living on Vindhya mountain (tasmān niṣādāḥ saṁbhūtāḥ…ye cānye vindhyanilayāḥ mlecchāḥ śatasahasraśaḥ) 12. 59. 101-103;

(2) Mlecchas were produced by Nandinī, Vasiṣṭha's cow, from her foam; they and other peoples produced by Nandinī formed a large army; they wore different armours and held different weapons (mlecchān phenataḥ sā sasarja ha// tair visṛṣṭair mahat sainyaṁ nānāmlecchagaṇais tadā/nānāvaraṇasaṁchannair nānāyudhadharais tathā) 1. 165. 36-37 (perhaps, here the term mlecchagaṇa is used to include Pallavas and others who were also then produced by Nandinī); the origin of Mlecchas from cows also referred to in 7. 68. 42 (goyoniprabhavā mlecchāḥ) and in 7. 87. 36 (santi goyonayaś cātra);

(3) All Mleccha tribes sprang from Anu, the son of Yayāti (anos tu mlecchajātayaḥ) 1. 80. 26;

(4) Originally all were Brāhmaṇas (na viśeṣo 'sti varṇānāṁ sarvaṁ brāhmam idaṁ jagat) 12. 181. 10; later, Brāhmaṇas who did not know (the dharma and did not observe the vows and regulations) became different tribes such as Mlecchas (brahma caitat purā sṛṣṭaṁ ye na jānanty atadvidaḥ/ teṣāṁ bahuvidhās tv anyās tatra tatra hi jātayaḥ/…bahudhā mlecchajātayaḥ) 12. 181. 18;

(5) Sinful men who lived under the influence of greed and temptation were born as Mlecchas who did not deserve to be associated with (asaṁvāsāḥ prajāyante mlecchāś cāpi na saṁśayaḥ/narāḥ pāpasamācārā lobhamohasamanvitāḥ//) 13. 112. 108.


D. Description and characteristics:

(1) Of Mlecchas in general: impure (aśuci) 7. 68. 44; sinful (pāpa) 1. 79. 13; (pāpakartṛ) 7. 87. 37; bad (asat) 7. 87. 37; cruel, harsh in all acts, eat anything (mlecchāḥ krūrāḥ sarvabhakṣā dāruṇāḥ sarvakarmasu) 3. 188. 52; 6. 10. 64; (paramadāruṇa) 2. 29. 15; lusting after the wives of their teachers, they follow the laws of animals and are therefore as good as born animals (gurudāraprasakteṣu tiryagyonigateṣu ca/paśudharmiṣu… mleccheṣu) 1. 79. 13; their heads were shaven, or half shaven, or they wore twisted hair; their faces were bearded (muṇḍārdhamuṇḍajaṭilān…jaṭilānanān) 7. 68. 44; they had queer appearances (nānāvikṛtadarśana) 7. 68. 37; Mlecchas were born in sinful countries and were ignorant of dharmas (pāpadeśodbhavā mlecchā dharmāṇām avicakṣaṇāḥ) 8. 27. 91; they lost knowledge and highter knowledge and hence behaved as they liked (pranaṣṭajñānavijñānāḥ svacchandācāraceṣṭitāḥ) 12. 181. 18; Rākṣasa Kalmāṣapāda told a certain king that Mlecchas were the dirt of human beings and Mauṣṭikas were the dirt of Mlecchas (mānuṣāṇāṁ malaṁ mlecchā mlecchānāṁ mauṣṭikā malam) 8. 30. 70; all varṇas including Mlecchas observe fast (sarveṣām eva varṇānāṁ mlecchānāṁ ca…/ upavāse matir…) 13. 109. 1; they did not deserve to be associated with (asaṁvāsāḥ) 13. 112. 108; Mlecchas understood only their own conventions (mlecchāḥ svasaṁjñāniyatāḥ) 8. 30. 80 (Nī., however, on Bom. Ed. 8. 45. 36: (svasasaṁjñāyāṁ svīyaiḥ kṛto yo dharmasaṅketas tatraiva niyatāḥ vaidikaṁ dharmaṁ na mānayantīty arthaḥ); When the Pāṇḍavas left for Vāraṇāvata Vidura spoke to Yudhiṣṭhira in the speech of Mlecchas (unintelligible to others) (ukto mlecchavācāsi pāṇḍava) 1. 135. 6;

(2) Mleccha warriors: Wore different kinds of dresses (nānāveṣadhara) 7. 68. 38; they were brave (śūra) 8. 31. 22, strong (balin), furious (saṁrambhin), fond of battles (yuddhaśauṇḍa) and firm-fisted (dṛbdhapāṇi) 8. 51. 19; 7. 87. 17; skilled in fighting battles (yuddhaviśārada) 7. 103. 22; they did not turn their backs to the enemies (anivartin) 7. 98. 23; fought heroically with various kinds of weapons (nānāyudhavīryavant) 5. 22. 21; (nānāśastraughasaṁvṛta) 7. 68. 38; (vividhāyudhapāṇi) 7. 95. 13; they were skilled in fighting while riding elephants (gajayodhin, gajayuddheṣu kuśalāḥ) 8. 17. 2-3; their fights from elephant-backs often mentioned 7. 68. 37, 40, 46 (also horses); 7. 87. 16-18; 8. 31. 22; their elephant-force known as añjanaka; the elephants never turned back once they were goaded to attack the enemies; they preferred death to defeat (yad etat kuñjarānīkaṁ sāhasram anupaśyasi/kulam añjanakaṁ nāma…; naite jātu nivarteran preṣitā hastisādibhiḥ/anyatra hi vadhād eṣāṁ nāsti rājan parājayaḥ) 7. 87. 16-17;

(3) Mleccha Kings: Acted as their teachers (mlecchācāryāś ca rājānaḥ) 12. 4. 8 (cf. S.


B. Belvalkar's note on this stanza in Vol. 13, p. 638. 1: “Mleccha kings of the west were alo the ācāryas or the spiritual heads of their domain”).


E. Epic events:

(1) Duḥṣanta ruled over the entire earth including the countries of the Mlecchas and Āṭavikas (ā mlecchāṭavikān sarvān) 1. 62. 5;

(2) Bhīma in his expedition to the east before the Rājasūya (yayau prācīṁ diśaṁ prati 2. 26. 1, 7; 2. 23. 9) defeated Mleccha hordes who lived on the islands of the eastern ocean (ye ca sāgaravāsinaḥ/sarvān mlecchaganāṁś caiva vijigye) 2. 27. 23; he made their kings pay tribute in the form of jewels and many other precious articles including gold, silver etc. (sa sarvān mlecchanṛpatīn sāgaradvīpavāsinaḥ/karam āhārayām āsa ratnānt vividhāni ca) 2. 27. 25-26; Sahadeva in his expedition to the south (prayayau dakṣiṇāṁ diśam 2. 28. 1; 2. 23. 9) brought under control Mleccha kings living in islands and made them pay tribute for the Rājasūya (sāgaradvīpavāsāṁś ca nṛpatīn mlecchayonijān; karadān pārthivān kṛtvā) 2. 28. 44, 54; Nakula in his expedition to the west (niryāya khāṇḍavaprasthāt pratīcīm abhito diśam 2. 29. 2; 2. 23. 10) brought under control Mlecchas living along the western ocean (tataḥ sāgarakukṣisthān mlecchān) 2. 29. 15; 5. 49. 26; Mlecchas were among those who made a crowd at the Rājasūya (sarve mlecchāḥ…/paryasta iva loko 'yaṁ yudhiṣṭhiraniveśane) 2. 48. 33; Kṛṣṇa saw Mlecchas among those who worked as attendants at the Rājasūya (aham adrākṣaṁ yajñe te pariveṣakān) 3. 48. 19;

(3) Pāṇḍavas on their way to Viśālā Badarī saw countries inhabited by hordes of Mlecchas (deśān mlecchagaṇākīrṇān) 3. 145. 12;

(4) Some Mlecchas had joined the army of Pāṇḍavas (pāṇḍavārthe niviṣṭāḥ) 5. 22. 21; others had joined the army of Duryodhana (rājacamūṁ sametām/…mlecchaiḥ) 5. 158. 19-20;

(5) Mlecchas and Āryas, who had gathered for war and who had seen or heard about the conduct of Pāṇḍavas wept with choked throats (mlecchāś cāryāś ca…dadṛśuḥ śuśruvus tadā/tad vṛttaṁ pāṇḍuputrāṇāṁ rurudus te sagadgadāḥ//) 6. 41. 103;

(6) On the fourteenth day, countless Mlecchas, along with the elephants who carried them, were killed by Arjuna with the māyā of his astras (astramāyayā); vaḍas, kaṅkas and wolves were glad to drink their blood 7. 68. 37, 42, 44, 46; 7. 69. 30;

(7) On the same day, Sātyaki noticed the large army of Añjanaka elephants ridden by Mlecchas 7. 87. 16-18; having secured that large army of elephants of Mlecchas, Duryodhana had felt contempt for Pāṇḍavas (etad duryodhano labdhvā samagraṁ nāgamaṇḍalam…avamanyata pāṇḍavān//) 7. 87. 37-39; Sātyaki pointed out to his charioteer the Mlecchas who, riding chariots, horses and elephants, and equipped with different weapons, desired to fight with him 7. 95. 13-14;

(8) Duḥśāsana, rebuked by Droṇa, attacked Sātyaki along with a large army of Mlecchas (sainyena mahatā yukto mlecchānām anivartinām) 7. 98. 23;

(9) The same day, Bhīma defeated and passed beyond many hordes of Mlecchas in order to get near Arjuna 7. 103. 32;

(10) On the fifteenth day, Bhīma while scolding Droṇa mentioned that he, like a Cāṇḍāla, had killed many hordes of Mlecchas 7. 165. 30;

(11) On the sixteenth day, Mlecchas (8. 17. 9) riding elephants fought a severe battle with Dhṛṣṭadyumna and other Pāṇḍava prominent warriors 8. 17. 1-28 (for details of the battle see Mekala );

(12) On the seventeenth day, Mlecchas riding elephants in rut, led by Aśvatthāman and others, followed the chariot-army of Duryodhana at the back of the Bārhaspatyavyūha (8. 31. 26) of Kauravas 8. 31. 19-20, 22; the same day, Kṛṣṇa in order to encourage Arjuna said that Mlecchas who had associated themselves with Kurus in the interest of Duryodhana could not be conquered by any one else except him (mlecchāś ca… ete suyodhanasyārthe saṁrabdhāḥ kurubhiḥ saha/na śakyā yudhi nirjetuṁ tvadanyena paraṁtapa//) 8. 51. 19-20; Mlecchas, riding thirteen hundred elephants in rut, attacked, as directed by Duryodhana, Arjuna from one side (pārśvataḥ); they showered Arjuna with karṇin, nālīka, and nārāca arrows as also with tomaras, prāsas, śaktis, kampanas and bhiṇḍipālas; Arjuna cut off the shower of their arrows and weapons with bhalla and ardhacandra arrows; he killed their elephants with different kinds of mahāśaras; the elephants began to run in all directions 8. 59. 10-16;

(13) After the war was over, while Saṁjaya was reporting events of the eighteenth day to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the latter remembered that once the whole earth, including the Mlecchas and Āṭavikas was sustained due to the graciousness of Duryodhana (iyaṁ ca pṛthivī sarvā samlechāṭavikā…/ prasādād dhriyate yasya) 9. 31. 3; later, Saṁjaya in his account listed Mlecchas among those who were killed in the great war (mlecchāś ca…nipātitāḥ) 9. 1. 26; Dhṛtarāṣṭra remembered that Duryodhana, before the war, counted Mlecchas among those who, in thousands, were ready to fight and give up their lives for him; it was with their support that he was going to fight with Pāṇḍavas (mlecchāś ca bahusāhaśrāḥ…madartham udyatāḥ sarve prāṇāṁs tyaktvā raṇe prabho//) 9. 2. 18, 21-22; that they were killed by thousands, was due to bad fate according to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (hatā…mlecchāś ca bahusāhasrā kim anyad bhāgadheyataḥ/) 9. 2. 36;

(14) Mlecchācāryas were among those who attended the svayaṁvara of the Kaliṅga princess at Rājapura 12. 4. 8;

(15) Arjuna in his wanderings with the Aśvamedha horse had to fight with Mlecchas who were formerly, in the war, offended by him (mlecchāś cānye bahuvidhā pūrvaṁ vinikṛtā raṇe) 14, 72. 24; when the horse wandered along the seacoast through Vaṅga, Puṇḍra and Kerala countries, Arjuna defeated many Mleccha armies many times (tataḥ samudratīreṇa vaṅgān puṇḍrān sakeralān//tatra tatra ca bhūrīṇī mlecchasainyāny anekaśaḥ/vijigye) 14. 83. 30; at the end of the Aśvamedha sacrifice, the sacrificial priests distributed a large quantity of gold among the Brāhmaṇas; after that, what wealth (gold) remained that was taken away over a long period by Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas, Śūdras and Mleccha tribes (anantaraṁ brāhmaṇebhyaḥ kṣatriyā jahrire vasu/ tathā viṭśūdrasaṁghāś ca tathānye mlecchajātayaḥ/kālena mahatā jahrus tat suvarṇam tatas tataḥ//) 14. 91. 25;

(16) On Arjuna's way from Dvārakā to Hāstinapura, Mlecchas abducted Vṛṣṇi and Andhaka women 16. 8. 61.


F. Past events:

(1) Demons Sunda and Upasunda conquered all Mleccha tribes living in the ocean (samudravāsinaḥ sarvān mlecchajātīn vijigyatuḥ) 1. 202. 8;

(2) Damayantī, forsaken by Nala, entered a forest inhabited by Mlecchas and thieves (mlecchataskarasevitam) 3. 61. 2;

(3) Indra taught king Māndhātṛ the duties of Dasyus which term included Mlecchas 12. 65. 14, 17-22;

(4) Bhīṣma told Yudhiṣṭhira a story related to Mlecchas who lived in the north (the term Dasyu is used in the story for Mlecchas) 12. 162. 28 ff.;

(5) Yayāti cursed his son Turvasu to the effect that he would be born among the Mlecchas (mleccheṣu prabhaviṣyasi) 1. 79. 13.


G. Future event: Mārkaṇḍeya foretold that in the Kali age (kalau yuge 3. 186. 27) there would be many Mleccha kings on this earth; they would be sinful, given to lies and rule the world the wrong way (bahavo mleccharājānaḥ pṛthivyāṁ…/ mithyānuśāsinaḥ pāpā mṛṣāvādaparāyaṇāḥ) 3. 186. 29; when the end of the acon will have arrived (yugānte samanuprāpte 3. 186. 33; yugānte paryupasthite 3. 188. 19, 43-44. 47, 54, 76, 81-83; yugānte 3. 186. 34; 3. 188. 35-37, 39, 49, 53, 73, 79; yugasyānte 3. 188. 32; alpāvaśiṣṭe tu tadā yugānte 3. 186. 24; kṣīṇe yuge 3. 186. 54; yuge kṣīṇe 3. 188. 66; gate yuge 3. 188. 69; saṁprāpte yugasaṁkṣaye 3. 188. 55; yugasaṁkṣaye 3. 188. 62; yugakṣaye 3. 186. 36, 43, 48; 3. 188. 6, 20-23, 25, 33, 41, 5051, 78, 85; pūrvarūpaṁ kṣayasya tat 3. 186. 28; tadā saṁkṣepsyate yugam 3. 188. 59, 67-68; paścime kāle 3. 188. 52) the world would be full of Mlecchas (mlecchabhūtaṁ jagat sarvaṁ…) 3. 188. 29, 45; (mlecchībhūtaṁ jagat sarvaṁ…) 3. 188. 37; (mahī mlecchasamākīrṇā bhaviṣyati) 3. 188. 70); the condition of the world at the end of the aeon described in 3. 186. 24-57; 3. 188. 14-85; A Brāhmaṇa named Kalki Viṣṇuyaśas would be born in the Sambhala town; he would become a sovereign king (rājā cakravartī), destroy all the Mleccha hordes, and give a turn to the Yuga (yugasya parivartakaḥ/… utsādayiṣyati tadā sarvān mlecchagaṇān dvijaḥ//) 3. 188. 89-93.


H. Certain kings referred to with reference to just Mlecchas or as their kings:


A. (i) mleccha; A certain Aṅga prince (not named) 7. 25. 14, 17; (ii) A certain Aṅga prince (not named) who was an ācāryaputra 8. 17. 14, 17-18; (iii) A certain Vaṅga king (not named) 8. 17. 9, 11;


B. (i) mlecchānām adhipa-: Bhagadatta 2. 47. 12; (ii) mlecchagaṇādhipa-: Śālva 9. 19. 1.


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Mahabharata Cultural Index

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Mleccha  : m. (pl.): General characterization of peoples who are distinguished from those who are designated as Āryas.


A. The following peoples are specifically designated as mlecchas: Aṅgas 7. 25. 17; 7. 68. 31; 8. 17. 2, 14-16, 17-18; Āndharas 3. 186. 29-30; Ābhīras 3. 186. 2930; 16. 8. 45; Utkalas 8. 17. 20; Aurṇakas 3. 186. 29-30; Kāmbojas 3. 186. 29-30; 6. 10. 64; Kāliṅgas 8. 17. 20; Kośalas 8. 17. 3; Tāmraliptakas 8. 17. 2, 20; Daśārṇas 8. 17. 3; Dasyus of Pañcanada 16. 8. 43-44, 47, 58, 60; Niṣadhas 8. 17. 3, 20; Puṇḍras 8. 17. 3, 13; Pulindas 3. 186. 29; Madras 8. 17. 3; 8. 27. 91; Māgadhas 8. 17. 2; Mekalas 8. 17. 3, 20; Yavanas 3. 186. 29; 6. 10. 64; 8. 59. 12: Vaṅgas 8. 17. 2, 11; Śakas 3. 186. 29-30; Śūdras 3. 186. 29-30; Sindhusauvīras 8. 27. 91.


B. Location: They, along with Āryas, inhabit the Bhāratavarṣa and drink the waters of Gaṅgā, Sindhu and Sarasvatī (6. 10. 12); in the north they are listed by Saṁjaya among the northern tribes of Bhāratavarṣa (uttarāś cāpare mlecchā janā …//…mlecchajātayaḥ/) 6. 10. 63, 64, 5; in the north (udīcyāṁ diśi yad vṛttaṁ mleccheṣu) 12. 162. 28; on the foot-hills of Himavant: Pāṇḍavas saw them on their way to Gandhamādana (deśān mlecchagaṇākīrṇān…dadṛśur giripādāṁś ca) 3. 145. 12; they lived also in the inaccessible places of the Himavant mountain (himavaddurgavāsinām) 7. 87. 37; some lived on the Vindhya mountain as well (vindhyanilayā mlecchāḥ) 12. 59. 103; in forests in general (vanaṁ…mlecchataskaraniṣevitam) 3. 61. 2; located also in east and south (prācyāś ca dākṣiṇātyāś ca; te mlecchaiḥ preṣitā nāgāḥ) 8. 17. 2, 9; near the oceans: they lived by the gulf of the western ocean (reference to Nakula's expedition to the west 2. 29. 2) (sāgarakukṣisthān mlecchān) 2. 29. 15; along the eastern ocean (sāgarānūpavāsibhiḥ) -here they are mentioned along with Bhagadatta of the east 2. 31. 9-10; 2. 47. 12; along the ocean in general (sāgarānūpagāṁś caiva) 3. 48. 19; (sāgarānūpavāsinaḥ) 8. 51. 19; samudravāsinaḥ) 1. 202. 8; on the islands of the eastern ocean (reference to Bhīma's expedition to the east 2. 26. 1) (mlecchanṛpatīn sāgaradvīpavāsinaḥ) 2. 27. 25, 23; on the islands of the southern ocean (reference to Sahadeva's expedition to the south 2. 28. 1) (sāgaradvīpavāsāṁś ca nṛpatīn mlecchayonijān) 2. 28. 44; along the seacoast in Vaṅga, Puṇḍra and Kerala (see epic event No. 15); they did not exist in the Varṣas of the dvīpas of Uttara Kuru (na teṣu dasyavaḥ santi mlecchajātyo'pi vā…) 6. 13. 15, 1.


C. Different Origins:

(1) In the bygone days, the sages churned the right thigh of king Vena whom they had killed; from it arose a dwarfish person (hrasvāṅgaḥ); him, the sages said ‘sit down’ (niṣīda); from him were born Niṣādas and other Mlecchas in hundreds and thousands living on Vindhya mountain (tasmān niṣādāḥ saṁbhūtāḥ…ye cānye vindhyanilayāḥ mlecchāḥ śatasahasraśaḥ) 12. 59. 101-103;

(2) Mlecchas were produced by Nandinī, Vasiṣṭha's cow, from her foam; they and other peoples produced by Nandinī formed a large army; they wore different armours and held different weapons (mlecchān phenataḥ sā sasarja ha// tair visṛṣṭair mahat sainyaṁ nānāmlecchagaṇais tadā/nānāvaraṇasaṁchannair nānāyudhadharais tathā) 1. 165. 36-37 (perhaps, here the term mlecchagaṇa is used to include Pallavas and others who were also then produced by Nandinī); the origin of Mlecchas from cows also referred to in 7. 68. 42 (goyoniprabhavā mlecchāḥ) and in 7. 87. 36 (santi goyonayaś cātra);

(3) All Mleccha tribes sprang from Anu, the son of Yayāti (anos tu mlecchajātayaḥ) 1. 80. 26;

(4) Originally all were Brāhmaṇas (na viśeṣo 'sti varṇānāṁ sarvaṁ brāhmam idaṁ jagat) 12. 181. 10; later, Brāhmaṇas who did not know (the dharma and did not observe the vows and regulations) became different tribes such as Mlecchas (brahma caitat purā sṛṣṭaṁ ye na jānanty atadvidaḥ/ teṣāṁ bahuvidhās tv anyās tatra tatra hi jātayaḥ/…bahudhā mlecchajātayaḥ) 12. 181. 18;

(5) Sinful men who lived under the influence of greed and temptation were born as Mlecchas who did not deserve to be associated with (asaṁvāsāḥ prajāyante mlecchāś cāpi na saṁśayaḥ/narāḥ pāpasamācārā lobhamohasamanvitāḥ//) 13. 112. 108.


D. Description and characteristics:

(1) Of Mlecchas in general: impure (aśuci) 7. 68. 44; sinful (pāpa) 1. 79. 13; (pāpakartṛ) 7. 87. 37; bad (asat) 7. 87. 37; cruel, harsh in all acts, eat anything (mlecchāḥ krūrāḥ sarvabhakṣā dāruṇāḥ sarvakarmasu) 3. 188. 52; 6. 10. 64; (paramadāruṇa) 2. 29. 15; lusting after the wives of their teachers, they follow the laws of animals and are therefore as good as born animals (gurudāraprasakteṣu tiryagyonigateṣu ca/paśudharmiṣu… mleccheṣu) 1. 79. 13; their heads were shaven, or half shaven, or they wore twisted hair; their faces were bearded (muṇḍārdhamuṇḍajaṭilān…jaṭilānanān) 7. 68. 44; they had queer appearances (nānāvikṛtadarśana) 7. 68. 37; Mlecchas were born in sinful countries and were ignorant of dharmas (pāpadeśodbhavā mlecchā dharmāṇām avicakṣaṇāḥ) 8. 27. 91; they lost knowledge and highter knowledge and hence behaved as they liked (pranaṣṭajñānavijñānāḥ svacchandācāraceṣṭitāḥ) 12. 181. 18; Rākṣasa Kalmāṣapāda told a certain king that Mlecchas were the dirt of human beings and Mauṣṭikas were the dirt of Mlecchas (mānuṣāṇāṁ malaṁ mlecchā mlecchānāṁ mauṣṭikā malam) 8. 30. 70; all varṇas including Mlecchas observe fast (sarveṣām eva varṇānāṁ mlecchānāṁ ca…/ upavāse matir…) 13. 109. 1; they did not deserve to be associated with (asaṁvāsāḥ) 13. 112. 108; Mlecchas understood only their own conventions (mlecchāḥ svasaṁjñāniyatāḥ) 8. 30. 80 (Nī., however, on Bom. Ed. 8. 45. 36: (svasasaṁjñāyāṁ svīyaiḥ kṛto yo dharmasaṅketas tatraiva niyatāḥ vaidikaṁ dharmaṁ na mānayantīty arthaḥ); When the Pāṇḍavas left for Vāraṇāvata Vidura spoke to Yudhiṣṭhira in the speech of Mlecchas (unintelligible to others) (ukto mlecchavācāsi pāṇḍava) 1. 135. 6;

(2) Mleccha warriors: Wore different kinds of dresses (nānāveṣadhara) 7. 68. 38; they were brave (śūra) 8. 31. 22, strong (balin), furious (saṁrambhin), fond of battles (yuddhaśauṇḍa) and firm-fisted (dṛbdhapāṇi) 8. 51. 19; 7. 87. 17; skilled in fighting battles (yuddhaviśārada) 7. 103. 22; they did not turn their backs to the enemies (anivartin) 7. 98. 23; fought heroically with various kinds of weapons (nānāyudhavīryavant) 5. 22. 21; (nānāśastraughasaṁvṛta) 7. 68. 38; (vividhāyudhapāṇi) 7. 95. 13; they were skilled in fighting while riding elephants (gajayodhin, gajayuddheṣu kuśalāḥ) 8. 17. 2-3; their fights from elephant-backs often mentioned 7. 68. 37, 40, 46 (also horses); 7. 87. 16-18; 8. 31. 22; their elephant-force known as añjanaka; the elephants never turned back once they were goaded to attack the enemies; they preferred death to defeat (yad etat kuñjarānīkaṁ sāhasram anupaśyasi/kulam añjanakaṁ nāma…; naite jātu nivarteran preṣitā hastisādibhiḥ/anyatra hi vadhād eṣāṁ nāsti rājan parājayaḥ) 7. 87. 16-17;

(3) Mleccha Kings: Acted as their teachers (mlecchācāryāś ca rājānaḥ) 12. 4. 8 (cf. S.


B. Belvalkar's note on this stanza in Vol. 13, p. 638. 1: “Mleccha kings of the west were alo the ācāryas or the spiritual heads of their domain”).


E. Epic events:

(1) Duḥṣanta ruled over the entire earth including the countries of the Mlecchas and Āṭavikas (ā mlecchāṭavikān sarvān) 1. 62. 5;

(2) Bhīma in his expedition to the east before the Rājasūya (yayau prācīṁ diśaṁ prati 2. 26. 1, 7; 2. 23. 9) defeated Mleccha hordes who lived on the islands of the eastern ocean (ye ca sāgaravāsinaḥ/sarvān mlecchaganāṁś caiva vijigye) 2. 27. 23; he made their kings pay tribute in the form of jewels and many other precious articles including gold, silver etc. (sa sarvān mlecchanṛpatīn sāgaradvīpavāsinaḥ/karam āhārayām āsa ratnānt vividhāni ca) 2. 27. 25-26; Sahadeva in his expedition to the south (prayayau dakṣiṇāṁ diśam 2. 28. 1; 2. 23. 9) brought under control Mleccha kings living in islands and made them pay tribute for the Rājasūya (sāgaradvīpavāsāṁś ca nṛpatīn mlecchayonijān; karadān pārthivān kṛtvā) 2. 28. 44, 54; Nakula in his expedition to the west (niryāya khāṇḍavaprasthāt pratīcīm abhito diśam 2. 29. 2; 2. 23. 10) brought under control Mlecchas living along the western ocean (tataḥ sāgarakukṣisthān mlecchān) 2. 29. 15; 5. 49. 26; Mlecchas were among those who made a crowd at the Rājasūya (sarve mlecchāḥ…/paryasta iva loko 'yaṁ yudhiṣṭhiraniveśane) 2. 48. 33; Kṛṣṇa saw Mlecchas among those who worked as attendants at the Rājasūya (aham adrākṣaṁ yajñe te pariveṣakān) 3. 48. 19;

(3) Pāṇḍavas on their way to Viśālā Badarī saw countries inhabited by hordes of Mlecchas (deśān mlecchagaṇākīrṇān) 3. 145. 12;

(4) Some Mlecchas had joined the army of Pāṇḍavas (pāṇḍavārthe niviṣṭāḥ) 5. 22. 21; others had joined the army of Duryodhana (rājacamūṁ sametām/…mlecchaiḥ) 5. 158. 19-20;

(5) Mlecchas and Āryas, who had gathered for war and who had seen or heard about the conduct of Pāṇḍavas wept with choked throats (mlecchāś cāryāś ca…dadṛśuḥ śuśruvus tadā/tad vṛttaṁ pāṇḍuputrāṇāṁ rurudus te sagadgadāḥ//) 6. 41. 103;

(6) On the fourteenth day, countless Mlecchas, along with the elephants who carried them, were killed by Arjuna with the māyā of his astras (astramāyayā); vaḍas, kaṅkas and wolves were glad to drink their blood 7. 68. 37, 42, 44, 46; 7. 69. 30;

(7) On the same day, Sātyaki noticed the large army of Añjanaka elephants ridden by Mlecchas 7. 87. 16-18; having secured that large army of elephants of Mlecchas, Duryodhana had felt contempt for Pāṇḍavas (etad duryodhano labdhvā samagraṁ nāgamaṇḍalam…avamanyata pāṇḍavān//) 7. 87. 37-39; Sātyaki pointed out to his charioteer the Mlecchas who, riding chariots, horses and elephants, and equipped with different weapons, desired to fight with him 7. 95. 13-14;

(8) Duḥśāsana, rebuked by Droṇa, attacked Sātyaki along with a large army of Mlecchas (sainyena mahatā yukto mlecchānām anivartinām) 7. 98. 23;

(9) The same day, Bhīma defeated and passed beyond many hordes of Mlecchas in order to get near Arjuna 7. 103. 32;

(10) On the fifteenth day, Bhīma while scolding Droṇa mentioned that he, like a Cāṇḍāla, had killed many hordes of Mlecchas 7. 165. 30;

(11) On the sixteenth day, Mlecchas (8. 17. 9) riding elephants fought a severe battle with Dhṛṣṭadyumna and other Pāṇḍava prominent warriors 8. 17. 1-28 (for details of the battle see Mekala );

(12) On the seventeenth day, Mlecchas riding elephants in rut, led by Aśvatthāman and others, followed the chariot-army of Duryodhana at the back of the Bārhaspatyavyūha (8. 31. 26) of Kauravas 8. 31. 19-20, 22; the same day, Kṛṣṇa in order to encourage Arjuna said that Mlecchas who had associated themselves with Kurus in the interest of Duryodhana could not be conquered by any one else except him (mlecchāś ca… ete suyodhanasyārthe saṁrabdhāḥ kurubhiḥ saha/na śakyā yudhi nirjetuṁ tvadanyena paraṁtapa//) 8. 51. 19-20; Mlecchas, riding thirteen hundred elephants in rut, attacked, as directed by Duryodhana, Arjuna from one side (pārśvataḥ); they showered Arjuna with karṇin, nālīka, and nārāca arrows as also with tomaras, prāsas, śaktis, kampanas and bhiṇḍipālas; Arjuna cut off the shower of their arrows and weapons with bhalla and ardhacandra arrows; he killed their elephants with different kinds of mahāśaras; the elephants began to run in all directions 8. 59. 10-16;

(13) After the war was over, while Saṁjaya was reporting events of the eighteenth day to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the latter remembered that once the whole earth, including the Mlecchas and Āṭavikas was sustained due to the graciousness of Duryodhana (iyaṁ ca pṛthivī sarvā samlechāṭavikā…/ prasādād dhriyate yasya) 9. 31. 3; later, Saṁjaya in his account listed Mlecchas among those who were killed in the great war (mlecchāś ca…nipātitāḥ) 9. 1. 26; Dhṛtarāṣṭra remembered that Duryodhana, before the war, counted Mlecchas among those who, in thousands, were ready to fight and give up their lives for him; it was with their support that he was going to fight with Pāṇḍavas (mlecchāś ca bahusāhaśrāḥ…madartham udyatāḥ sarve prāṇāṁs tyaktvā raṇe prabho//) 9. 2. 18, 21-22; that they were killed by thousands, was due to bad fate according to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (hatā…mlecchāś ca bahusāhasrā kim anyad bhāgadheyataḥ/) 9. 2. 36;

(14) Mlecchācāryas were among those who attended the svayaṁvara of the Kaliṅga princess at Rājapura 12. 4. 8;

(15) Arjuna in his wanderings with the Aśvamedha horse had to fight with Mlecchas who were formerly, in the war, offended by him (mlecchāś cānye bahuvidhā pūrvaṁ vinikṛtā raṇe) 14, 72. 24; when the horse wandered along the seacoast through Vaṅga, Puṇḍra and Kerala countries, Arjuna defeated many Mleccha armies many times (tataḥ samudratīreṇa vaṅgān puṇḍrān sakeralān//tatra tatra ca bhūrīṇī mlecchasainyāny anekaśaḥ/vijigye) 14. 83. 30; at the end of the Aśvamedha sacrifice, the sacrificial priests distributed a large quantity of gold among the Brāhmaṇas; after that, what wealth (gold) remained that was taken away over a long period by Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas, Śūdras and Mleccha tribes (anantaraṁ brāhmaṇebhyaḥ kṣatriyā jahrire vasu/ tathā viṭśūdrasaṁghāś ca tathānye mlecchajātayaḥ/kālena mahatā jahrus tat suvarṇam tatas tataḥ//) 14. 91. 25;

(16) On Arjuna's way from Dvārakā to Hāstinapura, Mlecchas abducted Vṛṣṇi and Andhaka women 16. 8. 61.


F. Past events:

(1) Demons Sunda and Upasunda conquered all Mleccha tribes living in the ocean (samudravāsinaḥ sarvān mlecchajātīn vijigyatuḥ) 1. 202. 8;

(2) Damayantī, forsaken by Nala, entered a forest inhabited by Mlecchas and thieves (mlecchataskarasevitam) 3. 61. 2;

(3) Indra taught king Māndhātṛ the duties of Dasyus which term included Mlecchas 12. 65. 14, 17-22;

(4) Bhīṣma told Yudhiṣṭhira a story related to Mlecchas who lived in the north (the term Dasyu is used in the story for Mlecchas) 12. 162. 28 ff.;

(5) Yayāti cursed his son Turvasu to the effect that he would be born among the Mlecchas (mleccheṣu prabhaviṣyasi) 1. 79. 13.


G. Future event: Mārkaṇḍeya foretold that in the Kali age (kalau yuge 3. 186. 27) there would be many Mleccha kings on this earth; they would be sinful, given to lies and rule the world the wrong way (bahavo mleccharājānaḥ pṛthivyāṁ…/ mithyānuśāsinaḥ pāpā mṛṣāvādaparāyaṇāḥ) 3. 186. 29; when the end of the acon will have arrived (yugānte samanuprāpte 3. 186. 33; yugānte paryupasthite 3. 188. 19, 43-44. 47, 54, 76, 81-83; yugānte 3. 186. 34; 3. 188. 35-37, 39, 49, 53, 73, 79; yugasyānte 3. 188. 32; alpāvaśiṣṭe tu tadā yugānte 3. 186. 24; kṣīṇe yuge 3. 186. 54; yuge kṣīṇe 3. 188. 66; gate yuge 3. 188. 69; saṁprāpte yugasaṁkṣaye 3. 188. 55; yugasaṁkṣaye 3. 188. 62; yugakṣaye 3. 186. 36, 43, 48; 3. 188. 6, 20-23, 25, 33, 41, 5051, 78, 85; pūrvarūpaṁ kṣayasya tat 3. 186. 28; tadā saṁkṣepsyate yugam 3. 188. 59, 67-68; paścime kāle 3. 188. 52) the world would be full of Mlecchas (mlecchabhūtaṁ jagat sarvaṁ…) 3. 188. 29, 45; (mlecchībhūtaṁ jagat sarvaṁ…) 3. 188. 37; (mahī mlecchasamākīrṇā bhaviṣyati) 3. 188. 70); the condition of the world at the end of the aeon described in 3. 186. 24-57; 3. 188. 14-85; A Brāhmaṇa named Kalki Viṣṇuyaśas would be born in the Sambhala town; he would become a sovereign king (rājā cakravartī), destroy all the Mleccha hordes, and give a turn to the Yuga (yugasya parivartakaḥ/… utsādayiṣyati tadā sarvān mlecchagaṇān dvijaḥ//) 3. 188. 89-93.


H. Certain kings referred to with reference to just Mlecchas or as their kings:


A. (i) mleccha; A certain Aṅga prince (not named) 7. 25. 14, 17; (ii) A certain Aṅga prince (not named) who was an ācāryaputra 8. 17. 14, 17-18; (iii) A certain Vaṅga king (not named) 8. 17. 9, 11;


B. (i) mlecchānām adhipa-: Bhagadatta 2. 47. 12; (ii) mlecchagaṇādhipa-: Śālva 9. 19. 1.


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Vedic Index of Names and Subjects

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Mleccha occurs in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa in the sense of a barbarian in speech. The Brahmin is there forbidden to use barbarian speech. The example given of such speech is lie 'lavo, explained by Sāyaṇa as he 'rayaḥ, ‘ho, foes.’ If this is correct--the Kāṇva recension has a different reading --the barbarians referred to were Āryan speakers, though not speakers of Sanskrit, but of a Prākṛta form of speech. Cf. Vāc.

Vedic Rituals Hindi

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

म्लेच्छ पु.
असभ्य, असंस्कृत, वह व्यक्ति जो हिन्दू वर्ण- व्यवस्था से सम्बद्ध नहीं है; द्रष्टव्य - B Liepich, BSOS, 8.1938. मेषी 337 म्लेक्ष